Ten hottest sectors in mid-year inventory: the defensive sectors such as electricity and banking, which have the strongest theme in the first half of low-altitude economy, have remarkable excess retur

Cailian (Shanghai, editor Zhai Zhehao and Feng Lin) News,Unconsciously, A shares have quietly passed in the first half of 2024. Looking back at the market in the first half of the year, some hot sectors are active. From the data point of view, the total turnover of the two cities reached 100.17 trillion yuan, a decrease of 10.93 trillion yuan compared with the same period in 2023 (111.1 trillion yuan) and a year-on-year decrease of 9.83%.

In terms of overall market size, the market value of listed companies in the first half of this year was 85.00 trillion yuan, which was nearly 1.80 trillion yuan lower than the market value of listed companies at the end of 2023 (86.80 trillion yuan).

In terms of index performance, in the first half of 2024, the Shanghai Composite Index closed at 2,967.40 points, down 0.25% in the first half, with the lowest at 2,635.09 points and the highest at 3,174.27 points. Shenzhen Component Index closed at 8848.70 points, down 7.10%, with the lowest at 7683.63 points and the highest at 9805.92 points. Growth enterprise market index closed at 1683.43 points, down 10.99%, with the lowest at 1482.99 points and the highest at 1926.40 points.

Looking back at the first half of this year, although various concepts are still emerging one after another, synthetic biology, commercial aerospace, synaesthesia integration and so on have come and gone, but only dividends can really achieve a trend increase, the market operation is not satisfactory, and dividend stocks with defensive attributes are fascinating, and many related sub-sectors such as banks, electricity, highways and coal have achieved significant excess returns in the first half of the year. At the same time, the concept of low-altitude economy, as the strongest theme in the first half of the year, stood out from the whole market with an increase of 18.42%, and brought out a number of bull stocks such as Wan Feng Aowei, CITIC Haizhi and Jianxin. In addition, consumer electronics concept stocks such as PCB, AI mobile phone and AIPC also set off an upsurge at the end of the first half of the year, which became a hot spot that investors could not ignore.

How many of the top ten outlets in the first half of 2024 belong to you?

NO.1 low-altitude economy

Low-altitude economy is undoubtedly the most popular theme concept in the first half of this year. Since the two sessions of the National People’s Congress wrote the low-altitude economy into the government work report, local governments in various provinces and cities have intensively issued relevant policies to seize the opportunity period of low-altitude economy development, rapidly promote the deep integration and coordinated development of related industrial chains, and accelerate the landing of low-altitude economy industries. According to the data of "National Three-dimensional Traffic Network Planning Outline", the industrial scale of China’s low-altitude economy will reach 6 trillion yuan by 2035, with a compound annual growth rate of 7.6%.

Looking back at the market performance, the concept of low-altitude economy showed a strong profit-making effect in the context of weak market environment in the first half of the year. First of all, from February to March, it went out of a comprehensive main rally, and after a period of correction, it ushered in a second wave of speculation in mid-April. Among them, Wan Feng Aowei’s highest increase in the first half of the year was more than 4 times, and popular stocks such as Rice Information, CITIC Haizhi and Jindun shares also rose by more than 200%.

In addition, with the low-altitude economic bidding in various places in the past three months, the expectation of policy transmission to orders is constantly strengthening. In the second half of the year, the low-altitude economy is expected to shift from the previous conceptual hype to the fundamentals of order landing. In the follow-up, we can still pay attention to the direction in which the pace of industrial trends obviously exceeds expectations in the main links of low-altitude economy such as the whole machine and parts, planning and design, management system and operation.

NO.2 bank

If only from the perspective of one-day increase, the banking sector is easily ignored by the market, but in fact, banking stocks are one of the best directions for the plate effect in the first half of the year, with an overall increase of nearly 20%. The reason is that in 2024, the equity market fluctuated greatly, investors’ risk appetite declined, and funds sought more certain returns. The high dividend yield and extremely low valuation of banking stocks have become the first choice of funds, and the demand for defense in the superimposed market has increased, which has boosted the market performance of the entire banking sector.

From the profit side, the optimization of real estate policy, the promotion of debt package, the repair of bank income statement and the improvement of industry risk expectation will help to support the valuation. In addition, according to the statistics of Industrial Securities, the banking sector is one of the sectors with the highest proportion of passive fund positions, and it has become a direction that has benefited significantly from the expansion of passive funds. In terms of individual stocks, Bank of Nanjing, Bank of Chengdu and Bank of Changshu were among the top gainers, with a half-year increase of over 30%, while the trillion-dollar giant Agricultural Bank also rose by over 25%, while ICBC just hit a new high in the year, with the total market value of A shares and H shares also surpassing Kweichow Moutai.

Looking forward to the performance of the banking sector in the second half of the year, the allocation value of banks as fixed-income assets still exists under the background of asset shortage, and the allocation value of large and medium-sized banks with high dividends is still outstanding at present. At the same time, we should pay attention to the catalysis of steady growth and the effect of real estate policy on regional banks and stock banks.

NO.3 electric power

The power sector also performed well in the first half of the year. In the context of the overall weakness of the index environment, it has stepped out of an independent trend market. And the leading stocks are mostly large market capitalization weights, among which the benchmark stock Changjiang Power has increased by more than 20%, and the current total market capitalization exceeds 700 billion, while China Guangdong Nuclear Power, Guodian Power, SDIC Power and China Nuclear Power have also increased by more than 30% in the first half of this year.

The reason why the power sector can show excess returns. On the one hand, the profitability of thermal power enterprises has been improved by the decline of coal price and the improvement of electricity price, and the performance of 1H24 thermal power continues to improve. At the same time, the promotion of electricity reform policy, such as the landing of capacity price and coal-electricity linkage, has enhanced the performance stability of thermal power enterprises and enhanced the market’s confidence in the thermal power sector. In addition, the abundant cash flow and high dividend-paying ability of related core enterprises also provide defensiveness and attract the group of medium and long-term allocated funds.

Generally speaking, the trend market of power sector is expected to continue into the second half of the year under the resonance of performance improvement, policy support and the defensive characteristics brought by the high dividend of leading enterprises.

NO.4 zhongtegu

In the first half of the cold market, the China Special Appraisal Board, which has the characteristics of "industry leader+large market value+low valuation+high dividend", became the most enthusiastic haven for market funds:

China CNOOC rose by 57.37% in the first half of the year, a record high;

Bank of China rose 15.79% in the first half of the year, a record high;

China Mobile rose 10.49% in the first half of the year, a record high;

In addition, COSCO Haikong, China General Nuclear Power, China Petroleum, China Nuclear Power and China Shenhua all increased by more than 40% in the first half of the year.

From the policy point of view, on January 24th this year, at the press conference of the State Council Press Office, the relevant person in charge said that market value management would be further studied and incorporated into the performance appraisal of the heads of central enterprises, so as to guide the heads of central enterprises to pay more attention to the market performance of listed companies controlled by them. According to the institutional research report, in 2023, the dividend rate of many central enterprises has been significantly improved. Under the policy constraints, it is expected that the market value management measures of listed central state-owned enterprises will be introduced one after another, which will increase the market value management power of central state-owned enterprises and accelerate the repair of valuations.

Looking forward to the second half of the year, a number of brokers, including Western Securities and Founder Securities, said that a "new dumbbell" combination is expected to continue to outperform in the market outlook, that is, one end is "Zhongte Estimate" and the other end is "Cote Estimate". In addition, it does not rule out that the central state-owned enterprises or the fields related to launching a new round of mergers and acquisitions have key technologies that can be controlled independently. Therefore, the directions of advantageous industries, self-control and future industries are also worthy of attention.

NO.5 Sora concept

In February this year, the concept of Sora was born. The so-called Sora is a text-controlled video generation model developed by OpenAl, which can generate high-definition smooth video for 60 seconds according to the text instructions input by users. Analysts said that the introduction of Sora model will promote the innovation of content creation in the media industry, especially in the field of short video, which may bring about the rapid growth of short video production capacity. At the same time, it is also expected to empower other fields, such as film and television/animation, marketing education, games, etc., and promote the development of related industries by improving content production efficiency, innovating content forms and enhancing user experience. In addition, the increase in Sora’s demand for computing power will drive the demand for upstream computing power infrastructure to grow, bringing investment opportunities to related hardware and software companies.

From the market point of view, the emergence of Sora concept once led the application direction of AI software out of a wave of main rising market from February to March. Among them, Wei Haide once walked out of the 20CM 7 board, and the shares of Annoqi and Insai Group also tripled in just one month. However, since the end of March, related concept stocks have fluctuated all the way down. Until recently, it was stimulated by the news that OpenAI would suspend the API port in China, which ushered in a certain degree of rebound. However, with the coming of July, the interim results of listed companies will be intensively disclosed, and the follow-up can focus on which segment of the AI application field is the first to usher in performance cash.

NO.6 coal

The coal sector still maintained a relatively independent trend market in the first half of this year. From the demand side, the demand for energy and electricity remains flexible, and the problem of new energy consumption and the growth of thermal power installed capacity will stimulate the demand for thermal coal. At the same time, the policy of steady economic growth is expected to promote the recovery of domestic demand, and the periodic resonance of replenishment at home and abroad may bring about improvement in demand. On the supply side, the long-term capital expenditure of the coal industry is insufficient, and it is expected that the tight supply of coal will continue. In the boom cycle of the coal industry, the increase in costs and the injection of assets of central state-owned enterprises will highlight the profitability and growth certainty of the sector.

However, it should be noted that the differentiation of coal stocks is obvious, among which Xinji Energy is the strongest, rising by more than 80%, Haohua Energy is not too much, rising by more than 50%, while China Shenhua, Shaanxi Coal Industry and China Coal Energy, which rank the top three in market value, all rise by more than 25%. While stocks such as Anyuan Coal Industry, Lu ‘an Huaneng and mountain coal international dropped significantly. This may be related to the performance growth of individual stocks and the dividend ratio. Therefore, in the context of no major switch in market style in the second half of the year, we should still focus on those leading enterprises with high dividends and stable cash flow.

NO.7 expressway

As an important part of dividend stocks, the expressway sector has strong defensive attributes, and has achieved considerable excess benefits in the downturn of the market. Among them, Shandong Expressway rose by 35.74% in the first half of the year, and Jiangxi-Guangdong Expressway, Wantong Expressway, Sichuan Chengyu Expressway, Nanjing-Shanghai Expressway and Guangdong Expressway A rose by more than 20% in the first half of the year.

From the perspective of dividend yield, over the years, high-speed plate companies generally have a high dividend yield and dividend ratio. The dividend yield of Fujian Expressway has exceeded 8% in the past 12 months, and the dividend yields of Shandong Expressway, Sichuan Chengyu and Guangdong Expressway A have exceeded 4%. Some companies will even raise the dividend ratio for many times. Take Wantong Expressway as an example, the planned dividend ratio is 60% in 2021-2023, and it was originally raised to 70% in 2023-2025 and then raised to 75% again.

In addition to sub-infrared, the reform of future highway laws and regulations is another highlight of the plate. On April 8, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued the Management Measures for Franchising Infrastructure and Public Utilities, which came into effect on May 1, 2024. The 2024 edition of the Management Measures stated that "the franchise period should not exceed 40 years in principle, and franchise projects with large investment scale and long return period can be appropriately extended according to actual conditions". Huatai Securities Research Report pointed out that the longest charging period of current operating expressways is 25 years in the east and 30 years in the central and western regions. If the "Regulations on Toll Road Management" follows the "Measures" to raise the operating period, the rate of return of highway reconstruction and expansion projects is expected to increase, and the valuation level of the whole industry is expected to increase.

NO.8 nonferrous metals

Cyclic resource stocks represented by nonferrous metals are also unavoidable in the first half of this year. The expected deduction of the Federal Reserve’s interest rate cut cycle and the warming of global risk aversion caused by geopolitical conflicts have led to a collective surge in the prices of non-ferrous metals such as gold, silver and copper, with COMEX gold futures once exceeding $2,400 at the highest, and Luntong copper futures once exceeding $11,000 per ton.

In addition, from the demand side, with the expected strengthening of global economic recovery, the demand for metals is expected to increase, especially industrial metals such as copper and aluminum, which will benefit from the continuous growth of new energy demand and the recovery of domestic economy, and also push up prices and drive the performance of related enterprises to rebound. In addition, from the perspective of capital, in the first quarter of 2024, the non-ferrous plate was the direction that received the most infrastructure allocation, which once again showed that the market remained optimistic about the medium and long-term prospects of these metals. It is precisely under the constant catalysis of the above-mentioned price increase logic that the market has emerged such trends as North Copper, Luoyang Molybdenum, Hunan Gold and Zijin Mining.

Looking forward to the market of non-ferrous plates in the second half of the year, under the background that international metal prices remain at a high range, related stocks still have the possibility of upward repair after finishing. In addition, we can also pay attention to small metals such as antimony, which are driven by the rise in industrial metal prices. However, we also need to pay attention to the impact of potential risk factors such as changes in Fed policy, uncertainty of downstream demand recovery and geopolitical risks on the market.

NO.9 PCB

According to the Prismark report, the global output value of printed circuit boards (PCBs) in 2023 was $69.517 billion, down 15% year-on-year. With the destocking and the accelerated growth of downstream application demand, the industry is gradually recovering from the downturn in 2023. A person from the Securities Department of Shenghong Technology told the Cailian reporter that the downstream demand has recovered better than last year and has begun to pick orders.

However, the recovery of PCB industry is dominated by structural opportunities, and some enterprises may face greater operating pressure. Xing sen technology mentioned that the oversupply and fierce competition in the general multi-layer board market can hardly be substantially alleviated when accepting institutional research. In terms of market performance, Pengding Holdings, Shenghong Technology, Shengyi Electronics, Hudian, etc. have risen over 60% since the first half of the year, but nearly 80% of the stocks in the whole PCB sector still have negative annual growth.

Some analysts said that the categories with relatively stiff market demand include high-end PCB products in the fields of AI servers, new energy vehicles and 5G. The requirements of PCB layers and special processes for AI servers and high-speed switches are complicated, and the industry barriers are high. Only a few digital board manufacturers in the world can undertake relevant orders, which will also put forward higher requirements for investors’ fundamental judgment.

NO.10 AI mobile phone &AI PC

The wave of AI is still going on. The market value of NVIDIA has exceeded US$ 3 trillion. However, the AI concept stocks of A-shares have long since ceased to be the grand occasion of last year, and the market’s hype for AI tends to be rational. Except for some computing hardware directly involved in the supply chain of NVIDIA, the most sought after by funds is the end-side AI concept represented by AI mobile phones and AI PC.

First, at the Microsoft Build Developer Foresight Conference in May, Microsoft launched a new artificial intelligence computer named Copilot+PC, and then Apple launched Apple Intelligence at WWDC in June, showing a new form of AI mobile phone. Western Securities pointed out that with the maturity of end-side AI technology from the core layer to the application layer, consumer electronic terminals have entered an important window of product iteration. All terminal brand manufacturers are integrated into the "AI blood" and constantly innovate, which is expected to cause a new round of "machine change tide" for end users.

With the technical iteration of AI end-side products and applications, the market expects more AI explosive products to appear. Since the end of May, a number of AI mobile phones and AI PC concept stocks have soared, which has driven the whole consumer electronics sector to rise in resonance. Among them, Yingli shares rose by more than 160% in 9 trading days, and Luxshare, Lansi Technology, Lingyizhi and other large-cap stocks all rose by more than 20% in June.

Reporting/feedback

The general, industrial and vertical AI big model markets are in full bloom.

China Business Daily (Reporter Zhao Yiru)"Every family has a big model" has become the most important way to show muscles in the scientific and technological circle in the first half of this year. In just a few months, nearly 100 AI models have emerged in the market. General model, industry model, vertical model, companies have chosen the best track to start, and the competition for big models has become fierce.
The 2023 World Artificial Intelligence Conference showcases the achievements of AI+ smart medical services. (Image courtesy of CNSPHOTO)
The general big model is fiercely competitive.
The first shot of the domestic "Hundred Models War" was started by Baidu.
In March this year, ERNIE Bot, Baidu’s generative AI product, officially invited for testing. Li Yanhong, founder, chairman and CEO of Baidu, said: "ERNIE Bot and generative AI represent a new technology paradigm and a great opportunity that every enterprise can’t miss. The AI ​ ​ market is about to usher in explosive demand growth, and its commercial value release will be unprecedented and exponential. "
As the first published AI general model in China, ERNIE Bot has made a full stack layout in the four-tier architecture of "chip-framework-model-application". This has also become one of Baidu’s competitive advantages.
In April, Alibaba Cloud’s "Tongyi Qianwen" model also began to invite tests. Zhang Yong, CEO of Alibaba Cloud Intelligent Group, said that all Alibaba’s products will be connected to the "Tongyi Qianwen" model in the future and be completely transformed.
"For the AI ​ ​ era, all products deserve to be redone with a big model, and all companies are on the same starting line." Zhang Yong said.
Regarding the positioning of "Tongyi Qianwen", Zhou Jingren, CTO of Alibaba Cloud Intelligent Group, said that Tongyi Qianwen is a general model and will not be optimized or customized according to a specific business problem. The ability to open up the universal question means that enterprises do not need to train large models from scratch, but can form their own exclusive models on the basis of universal question, combined with application scenarios, knowledge systems and special needs of the industry.
In May this year, Iflytek released the "iFLYTEK Spark Cognitive Model". Liu Qingfeng, chairman of Iflytek, said that Spark Cognitive Model has surpassed ChatGPT in text generation, knowledge quiz and mathematical ability, and strives to surpass ChatGPT as a whole by the end of October.
In June this year, 360 Group released the self-developed cognitive general model "360 Zhinao 4.0", and announced that 360 Zhinao has been connected to 360′ s product "Family Bucket".
"China has entered the period of the Hundred Models War. In addition to its basic ability, it is more important to compete in application scenarios." Zhou Hongyi, founder of 360 Group (hereinafter referred to as 360), said. At the C end, 360 plans to embed the AI ​ ​ big model capability into the core products, so that it can provide services to users like AI assistants. On the B side, the 360 plan is first applied in large-scale industry models and large enterprises.
In addition, Shangtang Technology released the "SenseNova" large model system, Kunlun Wanwei released the 100 billion-level large language model "Tiangong", and Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute released the Enlightenment 3.0 large model series …
"The domestic AI big model is in full bloom. First of all, because the big model is the basis for the development of the new generation of information technology revolution AI era, large Internet companies will follow up, and innovative enterprises will try their best to do it if they have the ability. Secondly, because foreign countries have successively opened up some platforms, they can save the training cost of large models, and some fine-tuning and reasoning costs are affordable for many teams, so domestic large models can flourish. " Shenyang, director of the Metacosmic Culture Laboratory of Tsinghua University School of Journalism and Communication, told the China Business Daily reporter.
"The phenomenon that the AI ​ ​ big model is in full bloom shows a trend, that is, generative AI may have a profound impact on the industrial structure and society in the future. Now it has just begun, and the penetration of AI into the industry is deepening. " Wu Tian, vice president of Baidu Group and deputy director of the National Engineering Research Center for Deep Learning Technology and Application, said.
The big industry model takes a different approach.
In the case of fierce competition in the general big model, some enterprises saw the advantages of the industry big model and chose to release the industry big model first.
In June this year, Tencent announced the research and development progress of Tencent Cloud’s big model industry, and jointly launched the cooperation of building a big model industry with 22 customers, and jointly launched the "Tencent Cloud Industry Big Model Ecological Plan" with 17 ecological partners.
"We believe that customers need more industry-specific industry models." Tang Daosheng, senior executive vice president of Tencent Group and CEO of Tencent Cloud and Smart Industry Group, said.
Tang Daosheng believes that at present, the universal big language model has certain limitations in dealing with the landing of industrial scenes. First of all, the training data of the general large model mainly comes from public data sets or network data, and the knowledge about the professional field of specific industries is limited. In addition, the training of general large language model requires a lot of computing resources and a long training cycle, which may be expensive and time-consuming for enterprises. At the same time, safety and compliance are also necessary considerations. Therefore, it is very important to choose to cooperate with cloud vendors with one-stop industry model service capabilities to create enterprise-specific industry model, which can reduce the cost and time investment of enterprises while being easy to use and use.
Coincidentally, Huawei also chose to release a big model of the industry.
In July this year, Zhang Pingan, managing director of Huawei and CEO of Huawei Cloud, released Pangu Big Model 3.0 at Huawei Developers Conference 2023. At present, Pangu model has played a role in many industries, such as finance, manufacturing, pharmaceutical research and development, coal mine, railway and so on.
"Pangu was born for the industry, so it is necessary to think for the industry and better serve customers in thousands of industries." Zhang Pingan said.
"Huawei has a very strong business foundation in many industries. As a big model of the industry, it can be quickly applied to various industries and directly exert economic benefits and social values. The general big model is oriented to C-end users, and its generated results are highly uncertain, which will also bring greater regulatory costs. " Shenyang said.
"If the GM model is to be really well done and quickly put into application in the C-end market, it will take time to polish its software, and it will also face the cost and technical difficulties of large-scale investment in content management. Therefore, from the perspective of research and development progress, the industry model can be used first. Huawei and Tencent have a good foundation in this respect and can quickly put it into the industry to use it. " Shenyang believes.
Vertical large model highlights advantages
Some companies choose to continue to narrow the scope of application of the AI ​ ​ big model and focus on the vertical field.
In July this year, Ctrip released the first vertical model of the tourism industry, "Ctrip asks". Liang Jianzhang, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Ctrip Group, expressed the hope that users would get "reliable content and reliable recommendation" from the tourism industry, including "Ctrip asks".
Ctrip’s motivation to launch the vertical big model is precisely to see the "unreliability" of the general big model.
"The opportunity of the vertical big model is that AIGC has encountered a very big challenge-the answer is not so reliable." Liang Jianzhang said. He believes that even if the planning saves half an hour, the recommended hotel or itinerary may have a 5% chance of being wrong, which is not worth the candle. As a large vertical model, "Ctrip asks" screens 20 billion high-quality unstructured tourism data, and combines Ctrip’s existing accurate structured real-time data with Ctrip’s historical training robots and search algorithms to train the self-developed vertical model.
Zhihu also launched its own big model based on its own content advantages.
In April this year, Zhihu officially released the Chinese big model of "Knowing the Chart AI". Kelly Y Zhou, founder, chairman and CEO of Zhihu, said: "With the unique advantages of application layer and data layer, Zhihu will contribute to the big language model of Chinese Internet."
The first big model function "Hot List Summary" of the Chinese big model "Knowing the Chart AI" aims to capture, sort out and aggregate the answers to the questions on the Zhihu Hot List by using the super language understanding ability, and show the answers to the users, so as to provide them with intuitive and clear answers.
"It is very necessary for companies such as Ctrip and Zhihu to launch vertical models. At present, we urgently need large industry models provided by vertical fields. The vertical large model can get more social feedback in the process of continuous use through the general base large model, plus industry data, industry fine-tuning and industry application scenarios, thus achieving a high degree of intelligence. " Shenyang believes.
"Hundred Models Battle" Competition Final
The booming AI big model industry soon ushered in industry standardization and management norms.
On July 7, at the 2023 World Artificial Intelligence Conference, the National Artificial Intelligence Standardization General Group announced the list of the first large-scale model standardization special group leader units in China. The joint team leaders are six enterprises, including Beijing Baidu Netcom Technology Co., Ltd., Alibaba Cloud Intelligent Group, Iflytek Co., Ltd., Sanliuling Security Technology Co., Ltd., Huawei Cloud Computing Technology Co., Ltd. and China Mobile Communications Co., Ltd. Research Institute.
"Standardization of large models is very important." Wu Tian told the China Business Daily reporter, "Baidu, as the co-leader, hopes to actively play its role in promoting the research and development of core technologies, industrial application and ecological construction of large models, and promote the top-level design and rule development of large models standardization. Baidu itself is an important practitioner, with first-hand practical experience, and hopes to actively participate in it to promote and promote the development of the big model industry. "
On July 15th, the National Network Information Office, together with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, promulgated the Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services, aiming at promoting the healthy development and standardized application of generative artificial intelligence, safeguarding national security and social public interests, and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations.
Whether it is general, industrial or vertical, the number of large models has increased rapidly in just a few months. At the 2023 Global Digital Economy Conference, Jiang Guangzhi, Party Secretary and Director of Beijing Economic and Information Technology Bureau, said that with the upsurge of large-scale model development in ChatGPT, more than 80 large-scale models have been publicly released in China so far.
With so many large models, the final result of competition is inevitably curious.
"From the current point of view, it is impossible for an AI big model to dominate the world, because whether the AI big model can be widely used depends on the technical ability on the one hand and the application scenario and traffic pattern on the other." Shenyang believes, "But from the ultimate direction, when we reach the stage of general artificial intelligence, we may only need a big AI model."
"the AI big model is just a phased phenomenon. In the process of evolution, various enterprises and institutions will gradually find their own positioning and move towards market segments. " Wu Tian told reporters, "I think the final result of the big model is that only a few big models will stay in the future." Because the cost of making a big model from the bottom is very high, it takes years of accumulation, firm confidence and continuous investment to do it well. In the future, we may only rely on a few large models, and these large models will have a very wide application ecology. "
Reporting/feedback

Toyota Motor (China) Investment Co., Ltd. is recalling some imported Lexus RX vehicles

Toyota Motor (China) Investment Co., Ltd. has filed a recall plan with the State Administration for Market Regulation. From July 19, 2024, some imported Lexus RX vehicles produced between March 12, 2018 and October 6, 2022 will be recalled, totaling 83,717 vehicles.

The vehicles within the scope of this recall may be worn inside the fuel pump due to insufficient pressure resistance of the internal parts of the high-pressure fuel pump, resulting in cracks in the welded parts of the fuel pump due to stress concentration. In extreme cases, fuel may leak from the cracks, so there is a risk of fire when it comes into contact with external fire sources. At the same time, fuel leakage and volatilization pose unreasonable emission hazards.

Toyota Motor (China) Investment Co., Ltd. will check the high-pressure fuel pump for vehicles within the scope of the recall free of charge, and replace the parts that do not meet the requirements with the improved high-pressure fuel pump to eliminate potential safety hazards and unreasonable emission hazards. At the same time, provide emergency response measures: Before the recall is repaired, the vehicle should try to avoid close to the fire source; if the user finds that there is fuel smell or fuel seepage, he should stop using the vehicle and contact the dealer for disposal.

The recall is an expansion of the recall of "FAW Toyota Motor Co., Ltd., GAC Toyota Motor Co., Ltd., and Toyota Motor (China) Investment Co., Ltd. recall some domestic and imported vehicles" issued on December 1, 2023. Toyota Motor (China) Investment Co., Ltd. will notify relevant users of the recall by registered mail and other means.

(This manuscript is organized by our reporter Xu Jianhua)

"China Quality News" [Recall Release]

"Erbin" frozen pear is black and sweet. Why is the frozen pear in the refrigerator bad?

Recently, frozen pears in Harbin are red all over the country. However, many people in Northeast China said: The frozen pears eaten in this way are soulless!

Peeling and slicing, it is the heart of the northeast buddies! Frozen pears, after biting a small mouth, should directly suck the juice inside, and ruthlessly suck the juice inside, leaving a dark skin, commonly known as "vacuum suction method."

However, the black color of frozen pears is really easy to be misunderstood as deterioration. So, where did this dark color come from?

Why is the frozen pear so dark?

Most of the water in pears is stored in vacuoles of cells. When the pear is frozen, the water in the vacuole freezes into ice and becomes larger, which will burst the cell wall and release the polyphenol oxidase that was originally locked in the cell.

Pear skin is rich in plant polyphenols, which is a kind of polyphenols, and it will react with oxygen in the air slowly under the catalysis of polyphenol oxidase. Polyphenols are first transformed into quinones, then undergo a series of dehydration and condensation reactions, and finally form brown pigments.

For pears, the activity of polyphenol oxidase in the peel and the content of phenolic compounds are much higher than those in the pulp, and the skin is in direct contact with oxygen, so the main reason is that the peel browns during the freezing process, and the pulp inside can still maintain a light yellow color.

Among them, what is the quinone substance that causes color change?

Quinone is an organic compound which replaces two hydrogen atoms of aromatic parent nucleus with one oxygen atom to form a six-membered ring structure containing two double bonds and two carbonyl groups.

The simplest quinone is benzoquinone, and its chemical formula is C6H4O2. Let’s dream back to high school chemistry with a particularly simple question: How many benzoquinones with different structures can you write?

Quinones contain many conjugated bonds, and there is the phenomenon of electron sharing between adjacent conjugated bonds, which makes the whole system have lower energy and stronger molecular stability. After the energy band structure of molecules is modulated, they can absorb and reflect light in the visible band, so quinones are generally colored.

Para-quinones are mostly yellow, and ortho-quinones are mostly red or orange. Quinone and phenol are particularly easy to transform into each other, forming a redox system. For example, colorless hydroquinone is easily oxidized to yellow hydroquinone.

Therefore, this dark frozen pear is actually mainly a process in which phenols become quinones.

Why is the frozen pear so sweet?

Now, we know why frozen pears are so black! Then, another question, why do frozen pears become particularly sweet?

Generally speaking, there are many kinds of sugars in fruits, such as fructose, glucose and sucrose, among which fructose has the highest sweetness.

Fructose is very special, and it has two chemical configurations, furan fructose and pyran fructose. The sweetness of the latter is about three times that of the former. When the temperature is below 40℃, with the decrease of temperature, furan fructose will gradually be transformed into pyran fructose with higher sweetness.

We can look at three common pears, the sugar content of which:

It can be seen that the content of fructose in pears is still relatively high.

Therefore, the main reason why frozen pears become sweeter is that the fructose contained in them is transformed into pyran fructose with higher sweetness at low temperature.

In fact, not only pears, but also people like to eat iced watermelons in summer, which is also because watermelons have high fructose content and will be sweeter after freezing.

However, the sugar in peaches and plums is mainly sucrose, and its sweetness will not change obviously with the temperature rise and fall, so the sweetness after freezing does not change much.

Small coup of homemade frozen pear

Seeing this, you must be very excited and want to freeze a pear yourself to check it out! There are so many varieties of pears. Will the frozen pears taste good if you use any variety?

Fortunately, someone has already studied it! The research team picked 59 kinds of pears from different regions, such as QiuPak Lei, Pingguo Pear, Yali Pear, Korla Fragrant Pear and Huangguan Pear, and made a detailed analysis of their skins and pulps after frozen storage, including the fineness of pulp taste, the degree of sweetness and sourness, the juice content, and whether the peels are easy to peel off.

According to the comprehensive data analysis, Qiuzi pear is more suitable for frozen pear. After freezing, the taste will be more delicate, the sweetness will be higher, and the juice will be rich, so it can be vacuum sucked!

After choosing the varieties of pears, it is natural to consider how to freeze them.

It is said that in the northeast which is cold enough, as long as the pears are buried in the snow and frozen for 4~5 days, when they are taken out, they will be black and frozen.

Of course, it is recommended to bury it deeper, otherwise, when you go to see it, you may find that the pear you buried in the snow was pulled out by some greedy little animal and bit … …

If it is in the south, what should we do? Some netizens recommend the method of repeated freezing: take the pears out and thaw after freezing in the refrigerator, and then take them to the refrigerator for freezing, and repeat the operation for 4~5 days.

The reason is that this operation can simulate the temperature difference in the northeast, and use the volume of water and ice to alternately change, so that more juice can flow out of the cells and the real frozen pears can be frozen.

Focus, if you are in the warm south in winter, it is not recommended to try this! Let’s take a look at the temperature difference in Erbin in recent days:

Even the highest temperature is many degrees below zero … Let’s take a look at the temperature in Guangzhou in recent days:

If friends in Guangzhou repeatedly take pears out of the refrigerator to thaw, the high temperature of more than ten degrees, once the thawing time is not well controlled, will easily make pears deteriorate during thawing.

Finally, your pear is really black, but it is possible that it is just broken … …

Is liquid nitrogen frozen pear reliable?

Since the temperature of the refrigerator is not low enough, should the temperature be enough with liquid nitrogen? Frozen pears with liquid nitrogen, can it quickly freeze out the dark, sweet and juicy effect? Move it to liquid nitrogen and we’ll see!

Put pears in the basin and pour liquid nitrogen.

When we soaked the pear in liquid nitrogen, about half a minute later, a pleasant click came, and the pear … couldn’t hold on … ..

With the increase of soaking time, pear cracks become more and more, and finally it is directly divided into many small pieces, and the pulp inside becomes more and more like the color of coconut.

Two minutes later, after the liquid nitrogen evaporated, we took out the "frozen pear" and found that it became extremely hard. We used it to hit the desktop and made a loud bang, which was as good as bricks.

The skin of pears is basically yellow, and there is not much change.

In fact, this also proves that the blackening process of frozen pears is a slow enzymatic browning reaction, and it is not enough to meet the low temperature conditions, and it takes a long time for phenols to be transformed into quinones as much as possible.

Because the temperature of liquid nitrogen is too low, it directly destroys the complete structure of pears and becomes fragmented in a few minutes.

When we melted this half "frozen pear" in warm water, we found that the pear floated on the water, and only a layer of ice was formed around it.

When the temperature gradually returned, pears became soft and rotten, and because the pulp was directly exposed to the air, it was oxidized to brown.

Four words: inedible.

Because the pear doesn’t have a relatively frost-resistant skin protection, the last frozen pear overturned. So, what if it is replaced with a thick skin?

Please welcome the sugar orange! Similarly, when we soaked the sugar orange in liquid nitrogen, we found that the sugar orange also became hard and brittle, but because the skin was thick and tough, it did not crack and remained intact.

Sugar orange taken from liquid nitrogen

After gradually warming up, the skin of the sugar orange becomes soft again. After peeling off the skin, the pulp inside looks not much different from the original one, but it tastes a bit like a frozen pear when bitten, and it is sassy and waxy, and its sweetness will be higher.

That is to say, using liquid nitrogen to quickly freeze sugar orange, under the condition that the peel tightly protects the pulp, it mainly undergoes a physical change of reversible phase change. When the temperature gradually returns, most of the pulp can return to its original state, but a small part of the tissue structure has been destroyed at extremely low temperature, which contributes to the final taste similar to smoothies.

In a word, frozen sugar oranges are a great success!

Finally, friends in the south will definitely ask: So, why do southerners freeze pears at home? Answer: Put the pear in the freezer, and then … forget it!

The anti-epidemic drama "Together" is hot shot, wearing a mask and acting all by eyes.

  Organized and directed by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, Shanghai Radio and Television Station, Yaoke Media and Shangshi Film Co-produced the time report drama Together, a key anti-epidemic theme, which is being filmed in Beijing, Shanghai and Wuxi. Based on the real characters and stories from all walks of life during the "anti-epidemic" period, the play restores the ordinary and well-intentioned actions of small people in the big environment. From May 18th to 20th, the producer held a class visit across the three places, and invited the national mainstream media to witness the filming process. Directors Shen Yan, Huatao Teng, Liu Jiang, Wang Jun and actors Lei Jiayin, Yang Yang and Jin Dong shared their feelings.

  "Off-season" filming cotton-padded jacket performance in high temperature

  At present, many parts of the country have entered the summer, and "off-season" shooting has become the biggest problem encountered by the creators of various units. Whether it’s the unit of Search directed by Liu Jiang, the unit of Peer directed by Huatao Teng or the unit of Fangcang directed by Wang Jun, the leading actors have to wear thick cotton-padded jacket or protective clothing in the high temperature of 30 degrees to perform their roles. In addition, in order to restore the real scene, nearly 80% of the scenes, actors have to wear masks to shoot, and acting only by their eyes has become their biggest challenge in performance. Jin Dong bluntly said: "I try to put the feelings of this paragraph into the characters and roles I play. Because the story is very short, the shorter it is, the more I cherish every shot of every scene, hoping to portray the image of the real aid medical staff in Hubei. "

  In order to better enter the role, Yang Yang entered the hospital in advance for experiential learning. The experience of the early stage has brought the performance well in the real shooting, and the instantaneous outbreak in an emotional drama has also touched many reporters visiting the class.

  Lei Jiayin said that although wearing a mask can only express many emotions through eyes, he believes that as long as he is fully involved in the role, the audience will feel the sincerity of his performance.

  Involving medical knowledge and strictly following professional requirements.

  Due to the particularity of the subject matter, the play will involve many professional plots in epidemic prevention and medicine, which is also the part that needs special attention in shooting. It is reported that each unit story of Together will be guided by relevant professionals and groups, and when to wear protective clothing, when to take off, when to wear N95 masks, when to wear ordinary masks and when to wear gloves will strictly follow professional requirements.

  When talking about the preparation process of Together, Chen Yuren, vice president of Shanghai Wenguang Film and Television Group, said, "This project is guided by the State Administration of Radio and Television and fully supported by National Health Commission and the Propaganda Department of Shanghai Municipal Committee. Probably unprecedented in the history of TV drama shooting, it was planned that year, completed the script that year, filmed that year, and broadcast that year. "

  Simultaneous shooting in many places is expected to be broadcast in October.

  Under the epidemic situation, it reflects the little people in the great era, writes the civilian heroes and eulogizes the dedication … … These are the common themes of different unit stories in Together. "The protagonists in the 10 stories of the whole drama cover a wide range of occupations, including medical workers, officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army, public security officers, community workers, courier brothers, etc. I hope that this drama can restore the contribution made by ordinary people to fighting the epidemic and convey our sense of social responsibility as the mainstream media." Chen Yuren said.

  "Time reportage drama" is a concept put forward by the TV drama department of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, that is, TV drama works with fast creation, true stories as the prototype and documentary style as the characteristics. The production method of Together refers to the film My People,My Country, with an independent story every two episodes, and the whole drama has 10 stories and 20 episodes. At present, the drama is being filmed at the same time in many places and is expected to be broadcast in October. Text/reporter Yang Wenjie

Our heirloom spirit of earthquake relief

  In the early morning of July 28, 1976, a strong earthquake of magnitude 7.8 occurred in Tangshan, Hebei Province, and a century-old industrial city was instantly razed to the ground.

  On July 28th, 2016, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Tangshan, he emphasized that although the earthquake 40 years ago destroyed a city, it did not destroy the strong will of Tangshan people and the national army and civilians.

  With the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the support and help of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians throughout the country, the people of Tangshan devoted themselves to earthquake relief and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction with tenacious fighting spirit, and wrote an epic poem in the history of Chinese national struggle, which cast an earthquake-resistant spirit of forgetting public interests, sharing weal and woe, perseverance and courage.

  Green hills, the Minjiang River Pentium. In the southwest corner of Yingxiu Town, Wenchuan, Sichuan, the earthquake site of Xuankou Middle School is quiet and solemn. The hour hand and minute hand on the commemorative dial are always fixed at 14: 28 on May 12, 2008.

  The Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province is an extremely tragic earthquake disaster in the earthquake history of China and even the world, which has caused great losses to people’s lives and property. The earthquake shifted mountains and rivers, but failed to shake the spiritual coordinates of the Chinese nation.

  △ On May 15th, 2008, rescuers rescued the trapped people in Wenchuan County.

  At the moment of life and death, teachers protect students with flesh and blood; The aftershock struck again, and the fire fighters who were forced to evacuate knelt down and cried, "Please let me save another one" … … In the face of sudden disasters, countless PLA soldiers, firefighters, medical personnel and volunteers from all over the country went to the disaster area not far from Wan Li, and some even gave their precious lives. In the face of disaster, the unyielding people broke out the cry of "Come on Wenchuan, Come on China" … …

  "I believe that there is no hurdle that cannot be crossed!" After the earthquake, Yang Yungang and his wife run a "Bo ‘ai" restaurant, and when there are many tourists, they "earn more than 20,000 yuan every day".

  Before the Spring Festival in 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Wenchuan County to visit and express condolences to the local people. In front of Yang Yungang’s restaurant, the supreme leader fried crispy meat and ground tofu pudding with everyone, and said with a smile, "It’s very hard to practice your arm strength. It’s really more and more exciting."

  Inspired and inspired by the spirit of earthquake relief, the people of Wenchuan are indomitable and brave, and everyone’s life is like this mill bean flower. The more energetic it is, the happier it will be.

  △ In Yingxiu Town, Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, villager Yang Yungang works in his own restaurant.

  "Fighting against natural disasters is an eternal topic for human survival and development." The supreme leader pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to the principle of "prevention first, combining prevention with rescue", establish and improve various prevention and control management systems, and comprehensively enhance comprehensive disaster prevention capabilities.

  In April 2018, the Emergency Management Department was established, and by 2019, an emergency management organization system with China characteristics in the new era has been initially formed.

  By May 2020, the meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters in China has covered 30 provinces and 1660 counties, and gradually formed a distinctive system model of geological disaster prevention and mitigation.

  The people of China, who have come from the disaster, are more aware of self-improvement, mutual help and respect for nature and science.

  How difficult it is to prosper the country and make it strong. Looking back, we experienced many natural disasters, but the people of China never flinched. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized: "The Chinese nation has experienced many hardships in history, but it has never been crushed. Instead, it has become more and more frustrated, constantly growing in hardships and rising from hardships."

  Vigorously carry forward the spirit of earthquake relief and overcome the difficulties and obstacles on the road ahead, we will certainly be able to create a Chinese dream worthy of the times, history and people’s achievements and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

  Producer: Wang Shanshan Ou Zhang

  Producer Xing Xing Lai Wu Xuan

  Editor-in-Chief Ning Lili

  Editor Liu Xinyan

  Visual sense Jiang yuhang

  Proofread Zhang Yanan.

Comparison of Telemarketing, Direct Selling, KA and Channel Agents | SaaS Entrepreneurship Roadmap (71)

Author introduction-Wu Hao, SaaS strategy and marketing consultant, Tencent SaaS accelerator tutor, author of a series of articles; Angel investor and former CEO who enjoys selling customers. A series of books of the same name will be published in February 2020.

Many of my articles were chatted with SaaS founders or team leaders. Perhaps this is the vitality of these words.

Since it is still the planning season, this article still has to continue to talk about annual planning.

This article comes from talking with a sales person in charge one day about how to divide regions and allocate resources among various sales teams in the company. I’ll throw out the results of the discussion first, and then make a detailed breakdown.

A few days ago, when communicating with a well-known SaaS enterprise executive team, I was still saying that I like the telemarketing team best, not emotional love, but from the perspective of CEO+CFO.

The cost of reaching customers by telemarketing is low, and it is much easier to cultivate communication skills than direct selling (face-to-face communication). Telemarketing is where dozens of people sit together, and on-site management is much easier than field management of direct sales representatives.

The bigger advantage is that when we need to expand the market coverage, we just need to add seats in the office or rent the office next to it. There is no need to send general managers and executives to open branches in another city, and there is no need to take risks to let a new branch manager take on all business and management responsibilities in a newly opened city.

The total operating cost of telemarketing is also relatively low, there is no travel expenses, and the labor cost is generally lower than that of direct selling.

Therefore, from the perspective of CEO and CFO, telemarketing is the first choice for SaaS companies. Most American SaaS companies I know are like this.

The best partner of telemarketing is "market clue". If the company has a certain brand, can bring natural traffic, and the clues brought by SEM can cover most of the clue needs of the telemarketing team, then the combination of "market clues+telemarketing" will be invincible.

In the past two years, I have seen the average monthly output of some sales representatives of the telemarketing team reach 80,000, and some reach 120,000 (the customer unit price is not high, and there are many odd numbers). It can be calculated that the gross profit of their sales team is very good.

Even if there are insufficient market clues, it is faster to find clues through telemarketing than through ground forces.

Of course, electricity sales also have three limitations:

◆ The customer unit price cannot be high.

◆ Product configuration and operation should not be too complicated.

◆ Customers don’t need to change the business process when using this product (the implementation is not difficult).

In addition, in the output results, there are still problems of insufficient regional market coverage and insufficient penetration.

In a word, telemarketing is "fast replication, wide coverage, shallow penetration and high gross profit".

The direct selling team, like the telemarketing team, has the opportunity to become an iron army with high combat effectiveness.

Direct sales representatives need to go out to visit customers, which makes their sales skills, understanding of product value and understanding of customer business more demanding. The data I saw with my own eyes, even if it is the same product and the same level of clues, the price of direct sales will be much higher than that of electricity sales.

However, due to the characteristics of "on-site visit and departure management", the management difficulty of direct selling team is more than twice as high as that of telemarketing team. Even an excellent manager, the efficiency of departure management can not exceed that of the telemarketing team manager. The number of direct sales teams reaching target customers and obtaining effective business opportunities every day is weaker than that of telemarketing teams.

Therefore, it can be seen that if a direct sales team is established, it must be different in product prices to ensure that the direct sales team can sign a larger list.

The direct selling team is not slow to replicate locally. However, if you want to use the direct sales team to cover a larger area, you will face the problem of difficult management of business trips.

What if more branches are opened? It will also face the problem that branch managers are not easy to cultivate.

Although some excellent enterprise service companies can solve these problems well, it will take a long time: it will take at least one year to successfully complete the layout of branches in four first-tier cities, from talent reserve training to branch opening, recruitment, training and optimization.

The sales leads of direct selling may come from market leads, or from the self-development of sales representatives and the referral of their own customers. Because the direct selling team can meet customers and have deeper offline interaction with customers, it has more advantages in self-development than electric sales. Therefore, direct selling can make a regional market deeper.

From the practice of domestic SaaS companies, in the cost structure of direct selling teams, the marketing rate (the sum of sales and market expenses ÷ sales revenue) is mostly between 60% and 90%. Therefore, the cost is relatively high, and the gross profit of new customers in the first year is not very good.

To sum up briefly, the characteristics of the direct selling team are: "fast replication, less coverage, deep penetration and low gross profit".

Let’s make a simple division, and call the fast one-sided sales team with a unit price of 10,000 ~ 80,000 customers "direct sales team"; The "KA team" is the sales team whose customer unit price is more than 80,000 yuan and needs to provide solutions to customers.

Compared with direct selling, KA has higher requirements for sales representatives’ product ability, solution ability and ability to understand customers’ business.

As you can imagine, according to such requirements, the speed of KA team training talents is limited, and it also takes a long time to dig people from outside the company and integrate them into the company’s organization and culture. The management complexity of KA team is less than that of direct selling team. KA management is more driven by values and performance goals, and its process management complexity is not as high as that of direct selling teams. KA process management focuses more on business-side capabilities such as sorting orders.

Regarding the degree of dependence on market clues, the KA team has two extremes. What I see is usually that the KA team of universal tool SaaS relies heavily on market clues; However, the sales representatives of big customers in SaaS companies often gain the trust and business opportunities of big customers through their own mixed industry circles.

Getting a KA account often involves many roles such as pre-sales, service, product research and development, and the per capita annual output far exceeds that of the direct selling team, so the marketing rate of KA team is often not high, and the company’s Mao Lijiao is good.

Summarize the characteristics of KA team: "slow replication, large customers, deep penetration and high gross profit".

These characteristics will affect the salary performance design of telemarketing, direct selling and KA teams. How to design specifically, please see my related article: (67) Annual Salary and Incentive Design #SaaS Entrepreneurship Roadmap #

My agent here does not include a System Integrator who can do customized development and system integration for big customers, but only refers to a relatively pure sales agent.

Should SaaS companies build agency channels? I have an article devoted to it. Interested readers can read it: SaaS entrepreneurship roadmap (54) Discussion on channel value.

This article only discusses the way of channel agency, which is different from direct sales and electricity sales for SaaS companies.

Channel construction is a long process. If SaaS companies want to build a channel department, they must have a long-term investment plan.

It is not easy to convince a large number of agents at the beginning. It is necessary to invest heavily in supporting several high-quality agents and set the benchmark. The work of channel management is also relatively complicated, and the talents in the channel department are relatively hard to find.

From the perspective of sales leads, agents should have the ability of self-open source. If they mainly rely on the leads provided by manufacturers, the efficiency may not be as good as that of Saas company’s electricity sales or direct sales. The purpose of cooperating with agents in second-and third-tier cities is to dig deep into the regional market, so agents should have the ability to penetrate the local market.

In the design of channel system, service problems are often considered. The agent is a very suitable service subject in the local area. The customer success department of SaaS company should coordinate the national customer service and renewal rate targets, and agents can’t get something for nothing, and they can get corresponding returns by contributing to the service and renewal.

In the second, third and fourth tier cities, although labor is much cheaper than direct selling teams, its transaction efficiency is often not as good as direct selling. At present, the proportion of new single share and renewal share distributed by most SaaS companies to agents is not low (generally between 50% and 70%), and the gross profit margin of channel agency is relatively low when the cost of channel department itself is included.

Summarize the characteristics of the channel agent team: "Replication is slow first and then fast, with deep penetration and low gross profit".

After talking about the characteristics and limitations of each team, we can also talk about how these teams are matched for different products and markets.

Combination a, electricity sales+direct sales

This is a common combination. The telemarketing team is responsible for the national small orders (below 10,000 ~ 20,000), and the larger business opportunities are handed over to the local or nearby direct selling team for door-to-door transactions. Market leads are graded by SDR team.

Combination b, direct selling +KA

This is more suitable for customers with a large unit price span, ranging from 20,000 to 80,000 for direct selling teams to 100,000 to 200,000 for KA teams that need solutions. The division between them can be made by the directory system, and KA is responsible for the big customers in the directory; Other target customers are divided into local direct sales teams by region.

Combination C, Direct Selling+Channel

Direct selling is responsible for first-tier cities, and second, third and fourth-tier cities are handed over to channel agents. Both sides need to have clear geographical boundaries and reduce friction. Let the local direct sales and agency teams feel at ease to dig deep into the local market.

Combination d, channel+KA

The manufacturer (KA) is only a big customer, and the national flight contract is signed. Hand over all small and medium-sized customers to channel agents to complete signing and service. Different from the way that Group C strictly divides customer resources by region, Group D is divided according to customer size; There will be many intermediate areas in this division, and conflicts are inevitable.

Like Kingdee’s ERP products, it would certainly be better to use high, medium and low-level products (EAS/K3/KIS) to separate the boundary between KA and agents. However, SaaS companies’ products are organized in different ways and should not be so complicated.

 In addition to the combination of the above two team types, there are also SaaS companies that choose to combine three teams. In this way, the complexity is higher, and it is necessary to design a more efficient division of rights, responsibilities and interests of regions, resources, new purchases/additional purchases/renewal fees.

This article is the last article in the planning series for 2019-2020 (if you write it later, you won’t need it after you finish planning). Let me summarize it. Welcome to read and exchange messages:

"Year-end planning series"

(66) Annual business plan of SaaS enterprises #SaaS entrepreneurship roadmap #

(67) Annual Salary and Incentive Design #SaaS Entrepreneurship Roadmap #

(68) Thinking Framework for Designing Company Organizational Structure #SaaS Entrepreneurship Roadmap #

# Business Sense Wu #(8) Planning should not be limited by the shortcomings of existing talents.

At the end of the year, I carefully created a course to help the business team develop: copying transactions-copying talents-copying teams. Tell the story of leading the team’s monthly performance to increase 60 times in 18 months and the management ideas behind it. Click to view related information.

China Association for Science and Technology issued the "Ten Prohibitions" and strictly selected academicians as "entrance barriers"

In order to purify the academic environment, create a clean and healthy ecology, make the selection of academician candidates open, fair and just, free from non-academic factors, and maintain the academic, honorary and pure title of academician, China Association for Science and Technology issued a notice of "Ten Prohibitions" for recommending (nominating) academician candidates on the 4th.

The notice requires: 1. National academic organizations shall organize the selection in strict accordance with the selection procedures, and shall not carry out any activities that may affect or interfere with the selection work.

2. National academic organizations are not allowed to be candidates for academicians because of problems such as moral misconduct, academic misconduct and violation of scientific and technological ethics, and because of problems such as violations of discipline and law, which are still in the influence period or serious violations of discipline and law.

3. Candidates and candidate units are not allowed to directly or indirectly, express or imply, entrust others, etc., to carry out activities such as asking for help, lobbying, canvassing, helping elections, bribing elections, and inquiring about election information.

4 candidates are not allowed to visit national academic groups, experts and other relevant units and personnel in the name of reporting, consulting and soliciting opinions, and conduct activities for recommendation (nomination).

5. Candidates should ensure the authenticity of the materials, and are not allowed to resort to deceit or encroach on other people’s academic achievements.

6. The materials submitted by candidates are not allowed to involve state secrets, work secrets and important sensitive matters.

7. Experts should resolutely resist all kinds of improper behaviors such as interfering with election, engaging in public relations and soliciting votes, and do a good job in recommendation (nomination) objectively and fairly without prejudice from individuals, departments and industries. It is not allowed to accept gifts and cash gifts from candidates and their units, not to contact candidates privately in violation of regulations, to engage in improper exchanges and exchange of interests, and not to participate in activities that may affect the fairness of recommendation (nomination).

8. Experts should strictly implement the avoidance system, and no avoidance behavior is allowed.

9. All relevant personnel are not allowed to intercede and greet candidates in any form, and are not allowed to disclose any relevant confidential information.

10. All relevant personnel are not allowed to accept gifts and cash gifts from candidates and their units, and shall not disclose expert information, discussion, evaluation, complaints, investigation and handling opinions and voting results of candidates.

According to the notice, if there is any violation of the above requirements, the national academic group will be interviewed according to the circumstances, and the current election will be invalid and cancelled by 1-mdash; 3 election qualifications, etc.; Remind candidates, disqualify candidates, and permanently stop being elected by academic groups; Remind experts, cancel the qualification of experts at that time, and permanently stop inviting them to participate in the selection of academic groups; The staff of the China Association for Science and Technology will be severely dealt with by the discipline inspection and supervision organs; Non-China Association for Science and Technology staff shall be handed over to the competent personnel department (unit) for handling or punishment.

(CCTV reporter Wu Wei)

The most popular mobile game list (TOP102023 mobile game list)

Friends who like to play mobile games have seen it. Xiaobian has brought you the most popular mobile game list. Every game in the list is the most popular mobile game, with extremely high-definition pictures and rich gameplay content, which will definitely make you fall in love in one second! There are so many welfare gifts waiting for you. Come and have a try.

The most popular mobile game list

Discount mobile game Recognized top ten mobile gamesThe latest legend

First place: Legend 176 Nostalgia Edition

Recommended index:

Legendary 176 nostalgic version of the mobile game is a retro legendary nostalgic version that is deeply loved by a large number of players. It inherits the classic PK gameplay and ignites the passion with the brothers of the past! Every day, there are tens of thousands of people online to relive your youthful passion. The strong ones compete with extraordinary blood, playing treasure, exploding clothes and attacking sand with blood, and entering this open world in one second to create your brilliant legend.

Second place: dragon power perverted version

Recommended index:

In the abnormal version of Dragon Power game, a copy of playing gold is specially prepared for players. Civilian players can also experience the fun of playing high-explosive treasures and trading freely here. A variety of battle modes and brand-new dynamic light and shadow effects are adopted, allowing players to enjoy the legend of mir at their fingertips. All the equipment is played by themselves without krypton and liver, and they can also participate in gang battles and experience the most original legendary gameplay.

Third place: Fire Knight BT Edition

Recommended index:

Fire Knight BT Edition is an ARPG mobile game adhering to the classic legendary gameplay. The picture created by the advanced 3D engine is very beautiful and gorgeous. There is a very powerful BOSS waiting for you to kill in the game. The super-high explosion rate can also explode the BOSS. The brand-new world map can walk sideways, and a large number of rich game benefits are soft. Don’t miss it for friends who like legendary games.

Fourth place: the cracked version of the battle of the gods.

Recommended index:

The in-house purchase cracked version of the Battle of the Gods is a legend of mir mobile game with a high degree of freedom. The celebrity endorsement has a high explosion rate, and rich materials can be obtained with one click. It is easier to team up with friends. There are a large number of game copies in the game waiting for the players to challenge, and there are many benefits available for free every day. The retro painting style creates nostalgic legends. Come on, friends who like legendary games!

Fifth place: the bt version of the celestial sphere

Recommended index:

The quality of the bt version of the mobile game in Shenyu Sky is very high-definition and delicate. It uses a 3D engine to create a passionate legendary world. When it goes online, it will be attacked by infinite knives. Ten thousand people compete with their brothers to fight in Shacheng, make a treasure deal, and individual players can quickly become local tyrants. All kinds of cool equipment can be soft, and they can play without gold! What are you waiting for? Come into this wonderful legendary world.

Sixth place: Dragon Flame War Abnormal Edition

Recommended index:

Dragon Flame War Abnormal Edition is a brand-new online legendary mobile game with magical themes in 2022. It will be sent to GM at the beginning of the game, and the three professions of passionate fighting will allow players to immerse themselves in this legendary world for one second, and get all kinds of exclusive equipment with a high explosion rate. You will have to play without a threshold, and join your brothers in the Mafa mainland to create your brilliant legend!

1, the empire throne cracked version

The cracked version of the imperial throne

The cracked version of the Imperial Throne is a legendary role game with a super hot theme in 2022. It uses the most advanced 3D engine to create a picture, which brings players the extremely cool and gorgeous legendary world. The fire dragon knife has a super high explosion rate and rich tasks waiting for you to challenge, fight with brothers in Shacheng, have a fierce battle, and compete for the whole service!

2, a hundred battles to seal the cracked version of God

The cracked version of the hundred battles

Hundreds of battles to seal the gods and crack the version is a very popular legendary mobile game recently. When you go online, you can send GM unlimited smoke, and you can hit unlimited light beams with knives and knives. You can also explode the ultimate magic costume by playing mobsters, and you can get additional game rewards by logging in and signing in continuously every day. Many people online have full-screen blood PK, and all kinds of cool skills kill the audience, and you can get a high rebate online. Come on, friends who like legendary games!

3. Our sand city

Our sand city

Our legendary mobile game in Shacheng is a legendary role-playing game with 3D engine. The new BOSS is coming, and the challenge is more difficult. Every day, there are all kinds of wonderful activities and tasks waiting for you to complete, recycling and sending top-up currency, and making real money. The legendary mobile game can also explode top-level costumes, and you can experience many classic games such as wild red name, cross-service competition and guild gangs.

4. Anger of blood

Anger of blood

Anger of Blood mobile game is a legendary fingertip mobile game with retro feelings. The classic legendary gameplay and cool skills and special effects will definitely make you like this game, free professional equipment, allowing players to easily switch careers, and start a brand-new duel in this vast battlefield of Shacheng. Offline hanging-up gameplay really liberates your hands, and you can get massive experience rewards online.

5. Firewire conflict is genuine

Firewire conflict genuine

Firewire conflict genuine game not only contains wild PK, but also can team up with friends and brothers to challenge BOSS, inheriting the most classic legendary gameplay. Players can choose from three major professional types of warfare and tactics, with a high explosion rate, players can compete fairly, and all the equipment is played by themselves. Top-level gods can become rich with one click, and civilian players can also fight against local tyrants.

6. The legend of the world’s heroes touching gold

The legend of the world’s heroes touching gold

The legendary mobile game of the world is a legendary ARPG mobile game with the theme of tomb raiding, which was newly launched in 2022. It combines the plot of tomb raiding with the familiar legendary gameplay, and its unique perspective gameplay brings players a unique new game experience. The game adopts the gameplay of automatic equipment picking, automatic recycling and automatic fighting, which truly liberates hands and can be played anytime and anywhere.

7, Xianxia Legend Cracked Edition

Xianxia legend cracked version

Xianxia Legend Cracked Edition is a retro legendary mobile game with high-definition 3D image quality. The new best product has a high explosion rate, and you can experience the thrill of knife cutting and knife crit, easily defeating all kinds of opponents. The mobile game has rich gameplay to experience, and there are a lot of tasks waiting for you every day. You can get a huge reward by signing in continuously every day. Don’t miss it for those friends who like legends!

8. Phantom Beast Mainland Single Professional Edition

Phantom beast mainland single professional edition

Fantasy Beast Mainland Single Professional Edition is a bloody competitive mobile game that many players are playing. The screen effect created by 3D engine is extremely real. Revisit the legendary world of passion and blood, participate in the guild hegemony, fight bloody battles with brothers, participate in bloody PK willfully, enjoy a hearty battle, and there is a brand-new PK arena waiting for you to challenge. Don’t miss it for friends who like legendary games!

9. Magic Valley Abnormal Edition

Devil’s Valley Abnormal Edition

The abnormal version of the Magic Valley mobile game is a legendary welfare mobile game created by 3D engine. You can get a huge amount of benefits when you go online, and you can get a powerful pet at the beginning. You can play gold with a super high explosion rate, and a large number of copies of BOSS are waiting for you to kill. The competitive atmosphere is excellent and the sense of substitution is very strong. In this magical legendary world, you can use infinite knives to fight, and there are many surprises waiting for you!

10, Dragon City Secret Abnormal Edition

Longcheng secret metamorphosis edition

There are a large number of copies of the difficulty coefficient waiting for players to take risks and challenges in the abnormal version of the Dragon City Secret World game. The classic three-occupation tactics are randomly selected, which perfectly balances the data between occupations, freely switches careers and is extremely interesting. Newcomer players also receive generous novice benefits when they log in for the first time, and there are mysterious prizes when they insist on signing in every day.

BT players can get novice gift packages by clicking "Milu Game Box" when looking for games, receiving gift packages and looking for customers!

Milu game genuine

Today, I recommend a box for you to play abnormal welfare games — — Mi Lu Game app, where players can find the most popular bt version, full V version, gm version and other game resources in the whole network, and also enjoy the recharge discount online. The payment is only 30% off, and the first charge is given to new users when they register for the first time. You can get gold coins and ingots every day when you log in, and players don’t spend money to play games here!

Summary: The above is all the contents of the most popular mobile game rankings and the top ten 2022 mobile games in the popular game rankings brought by Xiaobian. If you like it, try it quickly!

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issues guidelines for the construction of standard systems to support the innovative development of service-oriented manufacturing.

Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Guide to the Construction of Service-oriented Manufacturing Standard System, proposing that by 2025, a standard system that can support the innovation and development of service-oriented manufacturing will be basically formed, and more than 20 service-oriented manufacturing standards will be formulated and revised, covering basic common standards, core elements, business types and relevant standards for the application of integrated formats, and a relatively complete service-oriented manufacturing standard system will be gradually established to enhance the public service capacity of service-oriented manufacturing standards, meet the needs of healthy and standardized development of service-oriented manufacturing, and promote the accelerated development of new service-oriented manufacturing models and formats.

Service-oriented manufacturing is a new industrial form of integrated development of manufacturing and service, and it is also an important direction of manufacturing transformation and upgrading. By innovating and optimizing the production organization form, operation management mode and business development mode, manufacturing enterprises continuously increase the proportion of service elements in input and output, and transform from processing and assembly to "manufacturing+service" and from simply selling products to selling "products+services", which is conducive to extending and upgrading the value chain and improving the total factor productivity, added value of products and market share.

The guide proposes to encourage industry associations, research institutions, industrial alliances and manufacturing enterprises to participate in the development of standards, jointly promote the application and implementation of standards, and build a coordinated standard group; According to the cross-industry and multi-field characteristics of service-oriented manufacturing, guide and promote the technical standards and industry application standards covering key scenarios and key modes in multi-industry and multi-field; Combined with the development status and trend of service-oriented manufacturing, explore the mechanism of transforming advanced and applicable scientific and technological achievements into standards, optimize and improve the system architecture in a timely manner, and gradually form an adaptive, scientific and advanced service-oriented manufacturing standard system; Actively participate in international standardization exchanges and cooperation of service-oriented manufacturing, and drive China’s manufacturing and services to "go global". (Reporter Virginia Lieu)