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Source | Pharmacy (reproduced by Cybertron) Author | Medicine Circle Tao Ge At present, more than 10 multinational pharmaceutical companies have published 21-year financial reports. The author combed the revenue of multinational pharmaceutical companies in China market.　

According to the disclosure, the revenues of six multinational pharmaceutical companies in China are as follows:

Source of data: financial report, vertical and horizontal arrangement of pharmaceutical affairs (billion US dollars)

AstraZeneca’s total revenue in 2021 was USD 37.417 billion (including COVID-19 vaccine), up 41% (38% CER) year-on-year; Total revenue excluding vaccines increased by 26% (CER was 23%) to $33.436 billion, and R&D expenditure was $9.736 billion, an increase of 36%. In the fourth quarter of 2021, the total revenue increased by 62% (63% of CER) to $12.011 billion. AZ expects that the total revenue growth in FY22 will be around 15%, and the core earnings per share will increase by 20%. In 2021, AstraZeneca achieved revenue of US$ 6.011 billion, up 12% year-on-year. China District is one of the important sources of AstraZeneca’s revenue. Due to the pressure of price reduction caused by medical insurance negotiation and centralized purchase, AstraZeneca’s growth in China slowed down in 2021 H2, and Q4′ s revenue decreased by 4% year on year. It is predicted that in 2022, the performance of China District may decline in single digits, mainly due to the continuous influence of centralized purchasing and medical insurance. 　

Merck’s revenue in 2021 was US$ 48.704 billion, a year-on-year increase of 17%. Among them, the pharmaceutical business income was 42.754 billion US dollars, up 17% year-on-year; Animal health income was $5.568 billion, up 18% year-on-year. The revenue of K medicine was $17.2 billion, and the cervical cancer vaccine also contributed a lot to the revenue. In addition, the oral COVID-19 drug molnupiravir, which was urgently authorized for use in November last year, sold for 952 million US dollars in more than one month.

Merck China has also become the best performing region in the world in 2021, with a total revenue of US$ 4.262 billion, up 60% year-on-year.

Roche’s total revenue in 2021 was 62.801 billion Swiss francs (about 67.712 billion US dollars, according to the latest 1 Swiss franc = 10786 US dollars), up 9.3% year-on-year. Among them, the pharmaceutical business income was 45.041 billion Swiss francs, up 3.1% year-on-year, and the diagnostic business was 17.760 billion Swiss francs, up 29.5% year-on-year.

China’s pharmaceutical business income in 2021 was 3.276 billion Swiss francs (US$ 3.533 billion), accounting for 7.3% of Roche’s global pharmaceutical business income, up 4% year-on-year; Diagnostic business income was 2.43 billion Swiss francs, up 22% year-on-year.

Tumor sector: Avastin (bevacizumab), Herceptin (trastuzumab) and Rituxan (rituximab), Roche’s "third troika", continue to suffer from the strong impact of biological similar drugs, and their income in 2021 decreased by 38%, 37% and 28% respectively, totaling only 7.749 billion Swiss francs.

Tecentriq(+24%%), kadcyla(+16%) and Alecensa(+18) maintained good growth, which was difficult to offset the decline of established products, and the overall tumor business income still declined by 11%.

Sanofi’s net income in 2021 was 37.761 billion euros (US$ 43 billion), up by 7.1% year-on-year, including 26.970 billion euros (+7.6%) from pharmaceutical business, 6.323 billion euros (+6.8%) from vaccine business and 4.468 billion euros (+4.6%) from consumer health care business.

Sanofi’s pharmaceutical business mainly focuses on immune inflammation, nerves, rare diseases, tumors, and other fields. Dupixent is the core product of Sanofi at present. In 2021, the sales revenue increased by 52.7% year-on-year, and the sales reached 5.249 billion euros.

In June, 2020, it was approved to treat moderate and severe adult atopic dermatitis in China, and it was listed in the 2020 edition of the national medical insurance catalogue. In September, 2021, it was approved to expand the use of atopic dermatitis in adolescents over 12 years old in China.

In 2021, China’s revenue was 2.72 billion euros (US$ 3.098 billion), up by 7.9% year-on-year, mainly due to the growth of Dupixent and the recovery of Plavix from the influence of volume procurement.

Novartis’s net sales revenue in 2021 reached 51.626 billion US dollars, up 6% year-on-year. In 2021, the sales revenue of Novartis’ innovative drug sector was USD 42 billion, up by 8% year-on-year. At present, it is composed of Novartis Cancer and Novartis Pharmaceutical.

At present, the diseases covered by pharmaceutical business units mainly include immunization, blood diseases, skin diseases, ophthalmology, nerves, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, kidney and metabolic diseases and other mature diseases.

In terms of specific varieties, Cosentyx (Scochizumab) and Entresto (Shakubatrivasartan), a new drug for heart failure, contributed a total of $8.266 billion last year, which is the core drug driving Novartis’ performance growth.

In 2021, the sales revenue in China market was USD 3.052 billion, up by 18% year-on-year, accounting for 6% of Novartis’ total global revenue.

Lilly’s total revenue in 2021 was $28.318 billion, a year-on-year increase of 15%; Among them, China’s revenue was US$ 1.661 billion, up 49% year-on-year, and China’s market revenue in 2020 was US$ 1.117 billion.

Lilly’s current business mainly focuses on four major diseases: diabetes, tumor, immunity and nerve. The diabetes business has always been Lilly’s dominant and focused direction. Eight products, such as Trulicity (dulaglutide), Humulin (recombinant human insulin), Humalog (insulin lispro) and Jardiance (Engelje), generated revenue of $13.188 billion, accounting for 46.6% of the total revenue. Among them, the sales revenue of the fist product GLP-1 receptor agonist Trulicity reached 6.472 billion US dollars in 2021, and continued to maintain a steady and rapid growth of more than 20%.

References: financial reports of various companies; 1 Swiss franc = $1.0786; 1 Euro =1.1389 USD.

Golden car reward

On October 28th, 2025 long-life versions were listed in Hangzhou, among which the 222km long-life versions of Smart Horse and Lightning Horse were priced at 36,900 yuan and 39,900 yuan respectively.

In terms of product strength, the motor power of Xiaoma’s long battery life version reaches 30kW, which is 10kW more than the current model. In addition, the new car is equipped with APP remote car control function, which can open the air conditioner with one button and unlock the door. The fast charging function can increase the battery life by 100km after charging for one hour.

With the blessing of configuration, the starting price of Pentium Pony Long Life Edition is 36,900 yuan, which is more competitive than its competitors, Geely Panda and Hongguang MINIEV. However, the Pentium pony is still not confident enough. At the press conference, the Pentium pony has been emphasizing that it is a "FAW Pentium" model.

First of all, the self-confidence of Pentium Pony comes from the brand level. Compared with Geely Automobile and Automobile, which are independent head enterprises, and SAIC-GM-Wuling, which has been deeply involved in the field of micro-electric vehicles for a long time, the popularity and brand influence of Pentium brand are much smaller.

Secondly, in terms of vehicle-building strength, users are most worried about safety and quality for micro-electric vehicles. However, in order to achieve a higher safety factor, micro-electric vehicles also have high requirements for vehicle-building technology, and Pentium Pony is the first micro-electric vehicle of Pentium.

Therefore, with the endorsement of China FAW, a central enterprise, and the 70-year history of FAW Group, Pentium Automobile hopes to convince users of its own car-making strength and quality. Before the launch of the new car, Pentium also invited bloggers from online celebrity to visit and introduce the production technology of its Yancheng factory.

At the listing conference, Pentium also introduced the production and manufacturing of Yancheng factory at length. For example, Yancheng Factory adopts millions of UFC inspection tools, and the stamping parts are 100% inspected. The Pentium pony has gone through 1.26 million kilometers of road test, and the torsional stiffness of the car body has reached 14,370 m/.

Pentium brand has high hopes for Pentium pony because it bears the heavy responsibility of sales. According to the plan, the sales target of FAW Group’s own brands must reach 900,000 this year, and the sales of new energy vehicles must reach 500,000. This important task is mainly completed by Hongqi brand and Pentium brand.

From January to September, the cumulative sales volume of Pentium cars was 98,516 vehicles, up 19% year-on-year, among which the cumulative sales volume of new energy was 44,318 vehicles, up 113% year-on-year. At present, Pentium pony is the backbone of Pentium brand sales, with sales reaching 9615 vehicles in September, three times more than another new energy vehicle, Pentium NAT, and accounting for half of the total sales of Pentium brand.

But over-reliance on Pentium pony is not a good thing for Pentium brand. FAW Group has always had the goal of becoming a bigger and stronger independent brand. In May, 2021, at the brand-new strategy conference of the 15th anniversary of FAW Pentium, Pentium Automobile released a brand-new LOGO and brand positioning as "the middle and high-end brand in the mainstream automobile market in China".

Facing the "14th Five-Year Plan", FAW-Pentium set the ambition of achieving 300,000 vehicles in 2023, 600,000 vehicles in 2025 and challenging 1 million vehicles. However, in 2023, Pentium sold only 120,000 vehicles, and this year’s sales pressure is not small.

In terms of product planning, from 2023 to 2025, Pentium will complete the layout of five new energy products and eight traditional energy products at the speed of launching more than two new models every year, which will cover the mainstream passenger car market from A00 to B. However, the sales of Pentium T90 and Pentium NAT, which were launched in 2023, were not satisfactory.

For the current Pentium car, there is both sales pressure and the hidden worry of brand image decline. At present, other models of the Pentium brand are difficult to take on, but if the sales volume depends heavily on low-end micro-electric vehicles, it is not conducive to building a mid-to high-end brand positioning. According to the market demand, grinding out more explosion models with medium and high prices has become the direction that Pentium needs to focus on in the future.

1905 movie network news 　The film, which was planned by Lv Housheng, Wang Baoyu, Sun Jianduo, written by Wang Xianqing and supervised by zhang huimin, released its concept poster and preview on November 19th, and was officially finalized on December 6th. This film, directed by Li Zhengwei and starring Bai Zhidi, Wu Di and Suya Sun, tells the story of an old man who once participated in the construction of the Hongqi Canal. After many years, he returned to the Hongqi Canal with his grandchildren, riding all the way, overcoming difficulties, and finally meeting with his old friends to realize his dream together. The story of the film spans several decades, reappearing the hardships of building the Hongqi Canal in the 1960s, and also showing the new look of Linzhou in the new era. The concept poster highlights the working people’s indomitable spirit, and the trailer is based on the background of the times, showing the shocking scene of the construction of the Hongqi Canal, which is fascinating. 　　　

Officially finalized on December 6　　

"Red Flag Canal" reproduces the scene of the 1960 s

Hongqi Canal is a man-made irrigation canal, located in Linzhou City, Henan Province, which is at the junction of Henan, Shanxi and Hebei provinces. It has been seriously dry and short of water in history. After the founding of New China, with the support and instructions of national leaders such as Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou, the people of Linzhou, under the command of Yang Gui, secretary of the county party committee, United to "split the Taihang Mountain" and build the "Red Flag Canal". Against this background, the film tells the story of the difficulties and dangers encountered by the captain Shi Tianlin in leading the villagers to build the Hongqi Canal.

Shooting such a film about the great feat of building the Red Flag Canal requires a lot of data collection and extremely accurate textual research. This is very handy for director Li Zhengwei, a native of Linzhou. At the beginning of filming, the director did a lot of work, inspected the Red Flag Canal Memorial Hall and visited the old people who had participated in the construction of the Red Flag Canal. From the mouths of these witnesses, he tried to restore a true situation about that era. Through the trailer of the film, we can see that the efforts of the director and the crew are successful, and the film vividly depicts the scene of "building the Red Flag Canal" in the 1960s.

Re-take the Road of Hongqi Canal　　

The adventures of grandparents and grandchildren

Shi Tianlin, the hero of the film, is played by the famous actor Bai Zhidi. He and Aska, the little actor who plays the grandson Shuanzhu, have staged scenes that make people laugh. They met many old friends and many difficulties and dangers while riding. In the filming process, Bai Zhidi personally went into battle to overcome the hardships of the environment and the lack of physical strength, and his professionalism is worthy of admiration.

In the film, the grandparents and grandchildren re-take the road of the Red Flag Canal, and the old and the young represent glory and inheritance. With a story of seeking, they look back on history and martyrs, and entertain and educate in interesting movie stories, teaching young people to inherit the legacy of their ancestors and carry forward the spirit of the Red Flag Canal. What is commendable is that the film also puts forward its own opinions on the significance of the spirit of Hongqiqu in the new era, which is worth learning from all of us.

Time is not old, and the red canal is always there.A story of grievances spanning 60 years, a tribute to the people of Hongqiqu. The movie "The Return of Hongqi Canal is still a teenager"On December 6 th, the shock was released!

　　On the 9th, Chongyang Financial Research Institute of Renmin University of China, Taihe Think Tank and Haitu Guozhi released "America First" in Beijing? ! The research report "The Truth of American Anti-epidemic" is the first think tank report in the world to expose the truth of American anti-epidemic.

　　The full text of the report is about 23,000 words, including 20 parts, which refutes the absurdity of Bloomberg’s ranking of "the United States ranks first in the world in the fight against epidemic". The report concludes that the United States is well-deserved as the world’s first country that failed to fight the epidemic, the world’s first country that dumped the pot, the world’s first country that spread the epidemic, the world’s first country that tore apart politics, the world’s first country that abused money, the world’s first country that was in turmoil during the epidemic, the world’s first country that falsely reported information, and the world’s first country that traced back to terrorism.

　　Fight for the party but not for life.

　　American expert: This is a massacre.

　　The report believes that the American epidemic is entering the fourth wave of rising period.

　　Behind the number of cold infections and deaths is the domestic political struggle in the United States — — In particular, the partisan struggle highly politicized the epidemic and made the American people who "didn’t have to die" lose their lives. Under the double blow of virus and man-made disasters, the Covid-19 epidemic has not been effectively controlled so far, and the bones of more than 600,000 Americans killed by the epidemic are enough to pile up.American epidemiologist William Fogg believes that "this is a massacre"!

　　Anti-science and common sense.

　　Many questions are directed at the United States.

　　The report revealed thatThe American government’s anti-science and anti-common sense in epidemic prevention and control, policy measures, traceability investigation and other aspects is the direct reason why the United States has become a "failed country against epidemic".

　　By May 26th, 2020, about 38% of the false news about Covid-19 in English media mentioned Trump, "American President Trump may be the biggest promoter of false information in COVID-19".

　　The report also raised a number of questions:

　　Is COVID-19 the so-called unexplained "respiratory disease" or "white lung disease" that broke out in the United States in the second half of 2019?

　　What kind of research is being carried out in Fort Detrick and other biological laboratories in the United States? Is it related to coronavirus? How about the implementation of safety measures? Is it related to the origin of the global COVID-19 epidemic?

　　Saving the stock market doesn’t save lives.

　　Institutional constraints constitute the "bulk America" anti-epidemic pattern.

　　The report pointed out that,The federal system under the party struggle is mutually constrained and shirked, which constitutes the anti-epidemic pattern of "bulk America".

　　Saving the stock market doesn’t save people’s lives. The Federal Reserve has taken "extraordinary" measures to issue additional money, and the US stock market has soared since it hit a low point on March 23, 2020. From March 2020 to January 2021, the total wealth of more than 600 American billionaires increased from about $2.947 trillion to $4.085 trillion, an increase of 38.6%.

　　The Federal Reserve issued money indiscriminately, and it took the United States a year and a half to print nearly half of all dollars for more than 200 years. However, countries all over the world have no choice but to "take the blame" and bear the inflationary pressure, turbulent pressure and "bubble" pressure that they should not bear. This beggar-thy-neighbour approach has caused countries in the world suffering from the Covid-19 epidemic to encounter additional economic and social pressures besides the virus, and even brought about political conflicts and regional chaos.

　　Epidemic situation accelerates social tear

　　Conspiracy theory of virus origin intensifies racial bullying

　　The report pointed out that,The epidemic has intensified the tearing of American society. Poisonous conspiracy theories about the origin of Covid-19 have intensified the bullying and hatred towards Asians.In March 2021 alone, cases of Asian discrimination nearly doubled.

　　Social unrest can be called a "chronic disease" in the United States, and the COVID-19 epidemic served as an "amplifier". In 2021, the crime rate in the United States ranked first among developed countries, far higher than that in Britain, Canada, Spain and other countries, and also higher than that in many developing countries.

　　Destroy the global anti-epidemic wantonly

　　Breed traceable terrorism

　　The report believes that the United States is wantonly undermining the global fight against epidemic. As the world’s number one power, the United States has allowed the virus to spread, which has seriously worsened the epidemic situation in other countries.After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, more than 20 million American citizens still went abroad, and the United States has an unshirkable responsibility for the global spread of the epidemic.

　　Biden instructed the US intelligence department to provide a report on the source of the epidemic within 90 days. At the same time, many senior officials in the United States expressed their views on the source of the epidemic and created international disputes for no reason.However, regarding the doubts about the early spread of the domestic epidemic, the United States is secretive about the concerns of the international community.

　　COVID-19 vaccine exported by the United States only accounts for less than 1% of the vaccine production in the United States. Besides refusing international vaccine cooperation, the United States has also disrupted the international anti-epidemic order by "withdrawing from the group and rejoining the group".Compared with Covid-19, the more deadly "virus" is the traceable terrorism that is constantly breeding under the leadership of the United States.

Does the lawyer’s letter have legal effect?

Lawyer’s letter is a common legal document in daily legal affairs. Many people will question whether the lawyer’s letter has legal effect when they receive it. This site will comprehensively analyze whether a lawyer’s letter has legal effect from three aspects: its definition, function and position in legal practice, so as to help readers answer this question.

A lawyer’s letter is a formal legal letter sent by a lawyer to the relevant parties on the basis of the specific circumstances of a case or matter. A lawyer’s letter is usually used to show the client’s opinions, give legal opinions, demand the performance of certain responsibilities or warn the illegality of specific actions. A lawyer’s letter is a legal document in appearance, but it carries rich legal meanings.

So, does the lawyer’s letter have legal effect? Xiaobian answers this question and needs to be analyzed in combination with the content and nature of the lawyer’s letter. Generally speaking, lawyer’s letter does not automatically generate compulsory execution. Compared with court judgments, arbitration awards and other legal documents, lawyer’s letter itself is not a directly executable legal document. The role of lawyer’s letter can not be underestimated, it has certain legal significance and influence.

Lawyer’s letter is widely used in civil and commercial disputes, debt collection, intellectual property protection and other fields. So, does the lawyer’s letter have legal effect? To answer this question, we must clarify the function of lawyer’s letter. Usually, the main functions of a lawyer’s letter include the following aspects.

Legal warning letters often play a warning role, pointing out the legal risks of the other party’s behavior and making the other party aware of the legal responsibilities they may face. This can prompt the other party to take the initiative to correct their behavior before the legal proceedings are officially started.

A lawyer’s letter claiming rights can record the client’s legal opinions and opinions on specific matters, such as asking the other party to pay the arrears, stop the infringement or fulfill the contractual obligations. These propositions often lay the foundation for subsequent legal procedures.

Promote reconciliation If the parties to the dispute can reach an agreement after communication by lawyers, the dispute can be solved in a non-litigation stage, saving time and cost.

The lawyer’s letter cannot be directly executed, but it strongly shows the legal position of lawyers and clients. To a certain extent, the lawyer’s letter can make the other party to the dispute aware of the seriousness of the matter and avoid going into formal proceedings immediately.

Regarding "Does the lawyer’s letter have legal effect", another important aspect that needs to be discussed is whether it can be used as legal evidence. In the dispute, the lawyer’s letter itself may become the reference content for the court to determine the facts or judge the legal responsibility.

A lawyer’s letter is usually based on the information and evidence provided by the client, and its content needs to be true and accurate. If the facts contained in the lawyer’s letter and the claims of the parties can be supported by sufficient evidence, the lawyer’s letter may become an important evidential material in the case. For example, in a debt dispute, a lawyer’s letter can prove in writing that the defaulting party has been required to perform the contract, providing strong support for subsequent litigation.

However, it should be noted that the lawyer’s letter is not the legal basis for the court to make a judgment. The court still needs to conduct an in-depth review of the facts and evidence of specific cases before making a fair judgment. Therefore, the lawyer’s letter may be supplementary evidence in some cases, but it does not have independent legal effect.

Some people may ask, since the lawyer’s letter can play the role of legal warning and promoting reconciliation, can it completely replace litigation to resolve disputes? Does the lawyer’s letter have legal effect? Obviously, the answer is no.

The greatest significance of lawyer’s letter is an attempt of non-litigation means, which aims at reaching a settlement through communication and consultation, so as to prevent both parties from entering the formal stage of legal proceedings. The lawyer’s letter cannot replace the legal effect of the proceedings. For example, if the other party refuses to pay attention to the lawyer’s letter or fails to fulfill its requirements, the client still needs litigation or arbitration to solve the dispute.

In other words, lawyer’s letter is more of a "soft means" in legal practice, which can increase the psychological pressure of the other party and promote the settlement of disputes, but it can’t replace the final legal procedure and judgment results. We can draw a conclusion that the lawyer’s letter itself is not legally binding, but its role in resolving disputes cannot be ignored.

In the process of discussing whether the lawyer’s letter has legal effect, it is easy to confuse the concept-legal effect and legal binding force are different. Whether the lawyer’s letter is binding on the recipient needs to be specifically asked and analyzed.

Generally speaking, the lawyer’s letter expresses the client’s position, opinions and legal provisions on which it is based. If the recipient has no objection to the legal proposition in the lawyer’s letter and handles it according to the suggestions or requirements put forward in the lawyer’s letter, it shows that the lawyer’s letter has actually played a binding role. But in a strict legal sense, a lawyer’s letter is not as legally binding as a court decision or a contract clause.

Lawyer’s letter is more of a legal letter that needs the other party to judge and decide how to deal with it. Whether the recipient chooses to obey or refute depends mainly on whether the contents of the lawyer’s letter are legal and reasonable, and how the other party views the possible legal consequences.

The lawyer’s letter itself does not have direct legal force, but in practice, many people will choose to properly handle disputes and even take the initiative to fulfill the responsibilities mentioned in the lawyer’s letter. This is because a lawyer’s letter usually represents a potential legal risk.

Lawyers’ letters are sent by lawyers, and the opinions of lawyers and legal professionals usually make the recipients pay more attention. This kind of attention does not come from fear, but from the realization that possible disputes will enter legal procedures, which will bring greater time and economic costs.

Lawyer’s letter is often the first step towards formal litigation, which marks the client’s beginning of formal legal channels to safeguard his rights and interests. If the receiver despises the lawyer’s letter, he may face the risk of losing the opportunity of settlement.

Lawyer’s letter has no direct legal force, but with the legal logic and professional background behind it, its influence is remarkable in many cases.

Regarding "Does a lawyer’s letter have legal effect", the answer may be different in different situations. For example, in civil cases, the content of a lawyer’s letter and whether the other party has exact legal responsibility directly affect its legal effect. In some commercial disputes, if lawyers reach a settlement agreement through formal communication in advance, these agreements may be more legally binding.

In criminal cases, the lawyer’s letter usually does not play a direct role in the case itself, because the identification and investigation of criminal responsibility can only be completed by the public security organs. From this point of view, the effectiveness of the lawyer’s letter needs to be evaluated according to specific events.

We can draw the conclusion that the lawyer’s letter itself is not a legally mandatory document, so it does not have strict legal effect. Lawyer’s letter is a very important tool in legal affairs. It can show the attitude and position of the parties, urge the other party to pay attention to the settlement of disputes, and in some cases become important evidence of the case.

The legal effect of a lawyer’s letter is more reflected in its actual influence than in its direct legal binding force. If you are in doubt when dealing with a lawyer’s letter, you’d better consult a professional lawyer in order to get legal advice suitable for your own situation.

On the 39th day after Zhou Zhe’s death, "Office Xiao Ye" officially resumed the video update. And Zhou Zhe’s life, forever fixed at the age of 14.

On August 22nd, Zhou Zhe and Xiaoyu, two girls in Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, imitated the short video released by online celebrity, and exploded when they made their own popcorn in household cans, killing one person and injuring another. Zhou Zhe’s family said in an interview with the media that the two girls used their mobile phones to watch a short video of "Pop-can Homemade Popcorn" posted by online celebrity called "Office Xiao Ye" in Tik Tok.

Zhou Zhe’s death has aroused great public concern. The responsibility of family members, "Office Xiao Ye" and short video platform has become the focus of hot discussion. The "Office Xiao Ye" team reached a settlement agreement with the families of the two girls by paying aid. After the accident, Zhou Zhe’s family also contacted the Tik Tok platform, hoping that the other party would be responsible for the consequences of its poor supervision. "But they shirked that they are customer service and can’t manage this matter." Zhou Zhe’s father told reporters.

Zhang Shiwen, a lawyer of Shanghai Huiye Law Firm, said that bailout money is an economic subsidy provided by one party to the other for humanitarian reasons, not a legal definition. The party providing the aid is not necessarily at fault. The compensation is usually the money paid by the responsible party to the injured party.

Today is the 49th day of Zhou Zhe’s death. By the end of July, Zhou Zhe’s family didn’t wait for compensation, only "relief money". No one admitted responsibility for Zhou Zhe’s death except Zhou Zhe’s parents.

Although the short video of "Pop-can Homemade Popcorn" released by "Office Xiao Ye" has been removed from the shelves in Tik Tok, when the reporter searched on other short video platforms with related keywords, it was found that there are still similar videos spread without safety tips.

The question that the public cares about is: Can Zhou Zhe’s death bring about changes? How to avoid the recurrence of tragedies in the future?

Chen Tangfa, a professor at the School of Journalism and Communication of Nanjing University and a scholar of media law, believes that the platform party should do its duty to remind the spread of short video content with obvious risk or probability of injury on the premise that minors constitute an important component of its users. In addition, he suggested that the relevant departments should increase their legal obligations to short video uploaders. "Short video producers should be required to give necessary explanations on the possible dangers of their videos and how to avoid them."

Traceability:

Two underage girls imitated "pop-can homemade popcorn", one died and one was injured.

On August 22, 14-year-old Zhou Zhe and 12-year-old Xiao Yu exploded while making popcorn in household cans.

In an interview with the media, Zhou Zhe’s family said that the two girls watched a short video of "Pop-can Homemade Popcorn" posted by online celebrity called "Office Xiao Ye" on Tik Tok on the same day, so they also learned to make popcorn. The first time alcohol was ignited, the corn did not turn into popcorn, and after alcohol was poured again, it exploded.

Both girls were burned to varying degrees. Among them, 14-year-old Zhou Zhete was severely burned to 96% and died on September 5.

This incident has aroused public concern. Regarding who should be responsible for the accident, Zhou Zhe’s family believes that the family members are responsible, but the video publisher "Office Xiao Ye" and the platform Tik Tok are also responsible. They have proposed to sue the video publisher and the short video platform.

"Office Xiao Ye" responded in Weibo, saying that Zhezhe’s and Xiaoyu’s accidents were by no means imitating their own videos, but they were willing to provide whatever help they could for Xiaoyu’s follow-up treatment and Zhezhe’s family, and would continue to launch strict self-examination, permanently removing all videos with potential security risks from their accounts on the whole platform.

According to the Beijing News, representatives of the "Office Xiao Ye" team went to Zaozhuang, Shandong Province on September 16th to meet and discuss with Zhou Zhe and Xiaoyu’s family members. The two sides agreed not to consider the division of responsibilities, but only to talk about how to deal with the aftermath. Later, on 17th and 18th, the "Office Xiao Ye" party reached a settlement agreement with Zhezhe and Xiaoyu’s family one after another, giving them a one-time aid.

Zhang Shiwen told reporters that aid money is common in reconciliation and mediation mechanisms. "From a legal point of view, the party providing the aid is not necessarily at fault, and the amount is not specified."

Zhang Shiwen also mentioned that according to the law, compensation is usually paid by the responsible party to the injured party, "that is, the responsible party damages the interests of others in the course of its behavior and pays the injured party in cash, in kind and other material ways. The calculation method of compensation will have a corresponding legal basis and the amount is usually greater than or equal to the losses actually suffered by the injured party (such as property losses, personal injuries, etc.). "

Less than a month after the signing of the settlement agreement, "Office Xiao Ye" took the lead in restoring the video update of Weibo’s account on October 14th. Subsequently, it was resumed and updated on today’s headlines, watermelon videos, WeChat WeChat official account, volcano videos and platforms such as bilibili and Tik Tok.

The reporter tried to contact the two parties about the content of the agreement. Zhou Zhe’s father said that when signing the agreement, he had promised the other party not to disclose the settlement information. The "Office Xiao Ye" party failed to give the reporter’s WeChat application, and Weibo and WeChat WeChat official account did not reply to their private letters about the interview.

Regarding the prosecution of the Tik Tok platform mentioned earlier, Zhou Zhe’s father told reporters that the matter has been handled. When he signed a settlement agreement with "Office Xiao Ye", he agreed not to pursue their responsibility with the Tik Tok platform. "I can’t break my promise and can’t pursue it again."

According to Peng Dingdai, a professor at Nanchang University Law School, there are three types of subjects who should bear the responsibility in this accident. One is the guardian of the minor who has no ability to distinguish and control certain things, that is, the parents of the victim; The second is the producer of the video. As an adult, he should expect others to imitate his video, which is likely to lead to danger, so he should give safety tips in prominent parts of the video. The platform for video distribution is the third party that needs to be responsible.

"The platform should fulfill its obligation to censor videos containing bad information, including those that are dangerous, lead people to commit suicide, pornographic, etc." As for the specific responsibility, Peng Dingdai said that evidence is needed in law.

Phenomenon:

Short video imitation causes casualties or public security incidents from time to time.

A Jian still has a scar on his right eyelid, which was left after he failed to imitate an action challenge short video called "double somersault".

This is an action that needs to be completed with friends, that is, two people stand face to face, one person bends down and puts his hands out from the middle of his legs; The other person grabs his outstretched hands and flips them up 180 degrees. If he succeeds, he will finish riding his waist, and if he fails, he will be injured.

Two years ago, when the short video was just on fire, A Jian liked to watch some creative, spoof and interesting videos. After watching many short action videos, he chose some actions suitable for challenging with his friends and successfully completed them many times. A Jian told reporters that he also watched a lot of highlights of the failure of such action challenges. "I feel that I have no problem and I can do it completely."

Unexpectedly, failure came. When challenging "double somersault" with a new friend, the other party used too much force when turning up, and the direction was not accurate. His forehead suddenly hit Ajian’s glasses. "The glasses burst on the spot and his eyes could not be opened."

Recalling the scene at that time, A Jian was scared in his heart. "Fortunately, it is not serious, otherwise his eyes may be blind."

A Jian’s injured right eye and cracked glasses (photo courtesy of the client)

The reporter then searched and found that the video of "double somersault" can still be seen on many platforms, and some of them have added a warning that "this behavior is risky, please don’t imitate it easily", but there are still more videos not attached. Such casualties or public security incidents caused by imitating short videos have occurred many times in all parts of the country.

According to Hubei Jingshi, last year, a father in Wuhan also failed to challenge his two-year-old daughter to "double somersault", and missed when he flipped 180 degrees upwards, resulting in the child’s head landing, serious spinal cord damage and inability to move his upper body.

Also last year, "Live Hainan" reported that three children in Ding ‘an County, Hainan were injured by firecrackers because they imitated the live video of fast hands to make "Mountain Pig Cannon"; The Legal Evening News reported that an 8-year-old boy in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province, imitated the video of Tik Tok’s "sticky tape on the door", causing his 6-year-old brother to fall and be covered in blood.

According to Weibo, the official of Shaoshan Public Security Bureau, Hunan Province, two men who had drunk were driving their motorcycles home, so they imitated a short chat-up video and blocked a lady on the road. After the police arrived at the scene, the two men also pushed and insulted the police. Finally, the two were sentenced to administrative detention for 20 days respectively.

According to Zhang Shiwen’s analysis, video publishers generally have a mature operation team and a huge fan base. Short videos are widely spread on the Internet as soon as they are issued, and video viewers lack professional guidance when imitating short video content, which is more likely to be dangerous.

Behind:

Netizens imitate short videos and have frequent accidents. online celebrity earns considerable income by realizing traffic.

The "Xiao Ye in the Office" in the incident of "Girl Imitates Homemade Popcorn and Dies" was hailed as the first online celebrity in 2017. She became popular on the Internet with her brain-opening food videos. Her representative works include cooking hot pot with a water dispenser in the office, roasting fat beef with an iron, and spreading pancakes in the box.

With its huge traffic, "Office Xiao Ye" realized the realization of revenue and performed well in entering overseas platforms. According to a special report in The China Journal, she ranks first in the number of fans in China, a YouTube platform. Previously, NoxInfluencer, a platform for analyzing YouTube’s online celebrity data, announced the income of YouTube in online celebrity: the monthly income of advertising alliance in office Xiao Ye is 4.59 million, and the annual dividend is expected to be 55.08 million.

However, Nie Yangde, CEO of Xiao Ye’s Onion Video, once told the media that the data is not true, but Xiao Ye’s income on YouTube is indeed considerable.

When the reporter browsed the Tik Tok platform, he found a short video producer "Wanzi Mo" who is as creative as "Office Xiao Ye". She has more than 8 million fans and was certified as "creator of quality life field" in today’s headlines.

In the video, the self-made barbecue grill, juicer, etc., the sharp objects such as wood saws, chainsaws, sickles, etc. are still visible, and several videos browsed randomly by reporters have no step descriptions and safety risk tips, so users, especially minors, are prone to accidents when imitating.

In the name of business cooperation, the reporter consulted the company where "Wanneng Zimo" is located, and the other party replied to an October business price publication.

In the example, the reporter saw that in a short video platform, the company’s 11 IP accounts have different charges for business promotion according to the total number of fans, the total number of works and the total number of likes. In the promotion of 0-20 seconds, the "hand price" ranges from 7800 yuan to 108000 yuan, and in the range of 21-60 seconds, the price ranges from 9000 yuan to 180000 yuan.

In this network era, everyone can be a online celebrity, and it can be a fire in minutes. For users, in addition to watching these videos released by online celebrity, many ordinary people also want to pick up their mobile phones and shoot videos to get more likes and onlookers.

At this time, imitatable content is more likely to stimulate users to spread. In particular, fun, interesting, novel and even curious movements, dances and plots are all elements that users prefer to imitate. These conditions are often linked to their traffic and are easily recommended by the platform and become explosions.

The short video platform quickly gathers users of the same kind by challenging, bringing topics, bringing labels, etc., so the popular short videos such as "splashing water into ice" and "ice drift" are all dangerous, the former may be scalded, and the latter will lead to drowning.

According to media reports, in the first two days of this year, there were three drowning accidents caused by driving on the ice in Shanxi, Tianjin and Heilongjiang.

The reporter searched for "splashing water into ice" under the "topic" column of Tik Tok platform and the "tag" column of Aauto Quicker platform, and found that there were 9,388 videos under the topic of the former platform, with a broadcast volume of 240 million times, while there were 219 works in the tag of the latter. The reporter randomly browsed several videos on the two platforms and found that there were no security risks.

After the girl passed away imitating homemade popcorn, the related videos have been removed from the Tik Tok platform. However, when the reporter searched on other short video platforms with related keywords, he found that there are still similar videos without safety tips.

Expert:

The short video platform needs to consider both economic and social benefits.

Accidents happen frequently when imitating short videos. Why are there still many video contents with hidden risk factors in major short video platforms?

Chen Tangfa believes that this is because the iron law of market economy-"high risk must be accompanied by high return" is also reflected in the pursuit of Internet content. "The curse of’ traffic is king’ urges network service providers to ignore content security intentionally or unintentionally, and’ risk’ can become a’ selling point’."

After such accidents, short video platforms have repeatedly fallen into controversy. Tan Tian, a professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, said that the platform has the responsibility to regulate and explain such videos with security risks and involving technology.

"Office Xiao Ye" once said in an apology that he was reminded by a private letter from @ Chengdu Public Security Fire Brigade Guan Wei before he realized that there might be security risks in the video. Later, they added dangerous operation tips to videos that thought there were hidden dangers. "Now it seems that such tips are far from enough." She wrote.

Tan Tian told reporters that for this kind of online celebrity who has reached a certain number of fans, the greater the traffic, the greater the social responsibility, and their every move will have an impact. "online celebrity is not aware of this (safety hazard) problem, and the platform side should strengthen supervision."

Peng Daiding believes that maintaining a civilized, clean and green network environment is not only a legal responsibility, but also a social responsibility for platform operators.

"(The platform side) can’t just be an indicator of profit, but should assume corresponding social responsibilities and consider economic and social benefits as a whole."

With the rapid development of short video industry, chaos followed. From the recent death of "girls imitating homemade popcorn" to the collective praise of underage mothers before, from eating raw pork to using "dirty jokes" and other eyeballs, strengthening supervision has long been a public concern.

The government level has responded one after another. The relevant regulatory authorities have talked about the short video live broadcast platform many times, asking it to further improve the mechanisms such as content review and release, security policy management, and use the correct values to guide the algorithm to create a clean and honest cyberspace for the majority of netizens, especially teenagers.

On January 9th this year, China Network Audiovisual Program Service Association issued two industry specifications, namely, Management Specification for Network Short Video Platform and Detailed Rules for Auditing Standards for Network Short Video Content. The requirements for the network platform are higher, the standards for content audit are stricter, and the platform management is more operational.

In order to prevent minors from indulging in short videos, since April this year, the National Network Information Office has guided short video platforms such as "Tik Tok", "Aauto Quicker" and "Volcano Video" to pilot the online anti-addiction system for teenagers.

For the supervision of short video platforms, Peng Daiding believes that the platform itself can pre-audit the video content by using automatic identification and other technical means, while for those whose technical audit can not meet the requirements, it is necessary to invest some funds to strengthen manual audit.

Tan Tian suggested that the platform should set certain standards for the uploaded video content, and any citizen can report any violation of the standards. In terms of manual audit, he said that the platform can mobilize netizens or relevant experts and scholars to set up professional committees.

"Some of them can be handled by algorithms and machines, and some of them can’t be handled. They must be manually reviewed. Is there anything wrong with the content and whether there are any security risks? Will it induce young people, especially those with large fans and traffic, and they need manual review. (These) can’t save trouble, and the platform user base is large, so it is necessary to strengthen the responsibility. "Tan Tian said that if the manual can’t judge, you can hire relevant experts to judge." Some hidden danger experts can see the problem, such as those involving fire, and need fire experts to look at it. "

Chen Tangfa suggested that relevant departments need to increase their legal obligations to short video uploaders. "Short video producers should be required to make necessary explanations on the possible dangers of their videos and how to avoid them. This explanation should be regarded as an important element for uploading short videos, otherwise, no matter whether actual injury incidents occur or not, they will be held accountable."

The second is to strengthen the actual effect of user reporting. That is to say, if the content reported by the whistleblower is really dangerous, the administrative fine for investigating the responsibility of the platform will be rewarded to the whistleblower according to a certain proportion, and it is indeed a combination of "everyone’s responsibility" and "everyone’s benefit" to truly implement the network governance principle of group prevention and group governance by legal means.

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a weather bulletin. It is estimated that there will be moderate to heavy rain in the central and western Yunnan and southeastern Tibet from the night of the 14th to the 15th, with heavy rain in the local area and sleet or snow in high-altitude mountainous areas. Details are as follows:

　　1. Moderate rain or heavy rain occurred in parts of Guangdong, Hainan and other places

　　During the day, moderate rain or heavy rain occurred in parts of southern Yunnan, southwestern Guangdong and southeastern Hainan Island, and local rainstorms (50-71 mm) occurred in Wanning and Qiongzhong, Hainan.

　　Second, the key weather forecast

　　1. There is still strong rainfall in Yunnan and other places.

　　From the night of 14th to 15th, there was moderate to heavy rain in central and western Yunnan and southeastern Tibet, with heavy rain in the local area and sleet or snow in high-altitude mountainous areas. In addition, from the 16th to the 17th, there were moderate to heavy rains and local heavy rains in southern Jianghuai, southern Jianghan, most of the south of the Yangtze River and northern South China. There are small to moderate rains in the south of Northeast China and eastern North China, accompanied by strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　2. There will be high temperature in parts of Huanghuai in North China.

　　From 15th to 17th, there was high temperature of 35℃ in southern Beijing, Tianjin, central and southern Hebei, central and western Henan, northern Shandong and other places, and the temperature in some parts of northern Shandong could reach above 37℃.

　　Third, the specific forecast for the next three days

　　From 20: 00 on May 14th to 20: 00 on May 15th,There are moderate to heavy rains in parts of southeastern Tibet, central and western Yunnan, and southwestern Sichuan. Among them, there are heavy rains (50-70 mm) in parts of southeastern Tibet and western Yunnan. There are 4 ~ 6 winds in parts of northeastern Inner Mongolia and Hexi in Gansu (see Figure 1).

Figure 1 National Precipitation Forecast Chart (20: 00 May 14-20: 00 May 15)

　　From 20: 00 on May 15th to 20: 00 on May 16th,There are moderate to heavy rains in parts of eastern Jianghan, northern Jiangnan, southeastern Southwest and southern Tibet, among which there are heavy rains (50-70 mm) in parts of eastern and southern Hubei and northern Hunan. There are 4 ~ 5 winds in parts of southeastern and northwestern Inner Mongolia, southwestern Heilongjiang, northern Zhejiang and southeastern Yunnan (see Figure 2).

Figure 2 National Precipitation Forecast Chart (20: 00 May 15-20: 00 May 16)

　　From 20: 00 on May 16th to 20: 00 on May 17th,There are moderate to heavy rains in the eastern and western parts of Northeast China, the eastern and western parts of Jianghuai, the northern and central parts of Jiangnan and southern Tibet, among which there are heavy rains (50-60 mm) in parts of southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and northern Zhejiang (see Figure 3).

Figure 3 National Precipitation Forecast Chart (20: 00 May 16-20: 00 May 17)

　　Fourth, the impact and concern

　　1. Pay attention to the strong precipitation in western Yunnan and southeastern Tibet on the 15th to prevent secondary disasters caused by local heavy precipitation;

　　2. Pay attention to the high temperature weather in North China, Huanghuai and other places from 15 to 17;

　　3.16-17 rainfall process and its influence in Jiangnan and South China;

　　4. Pay attention to the development trend of drought in Yunnan;

　　5. Spring ploughing and spring sowing meteorological service.

"I hope that more customers will accept the power exchange mode, gradually increase the number of trams and increase the load rate of power exchange stations. Beijing is not far from profit."

On November 5, at Sanlitun Salon, Qin Si, deputy general manager of Beijing Aodong New Energy Investment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Aodong), said that Aodong’s power exchange stations in Xiamen and Guangzhou have been profitable, but in Beijing, due to more stations and fewer cars, it has not yet achieved profitability. Aodong is the construction and operator of Beiqi New Energy Exchange Power Station.

When will Beiqi New Energy and Austrian Power push the electric vehicle switching mode to be profitable? How to promote profitability? What was the experience of the first batch of users of EU Quick Change Edition?

There are more stations and fewer cars, and the load rate of 65% can be profitable.

There are enough cars to make a profit.

Tan Si said that the key to the profitability of the power station is the load rate. Usually, the load rate can reach more than 65% before it can be profitable. Take Xiamen as an example. As the load rate of the local power exchange station has reached 100%, it has already achieved profitability, and 15 new power exchange stations will be built next year.

The average load rate of existing power stations in Beijing is 20%-25%, which is far below the profit line. The key reason is that there are more stations and fewer vehicles.

Layout of Beiqi New Energy Power Station in Beijing

According to King Cao, Director of Marketing Communication Department of BAIC New Energy, as of November 5th, BAIC New Energy and AUTO have jointly built 121 power exchange stations in China, including 100 in Beijing, 9 in Xiamen, 9 in Guangzhou and 3 in Lanzhou. There are 33 open operations in Beijing; Before the first half of 2019, all 100 completed power stations will be opened.

The power station will be built, and there are not enough cars to change electricity.

Tan Si said that assuming that each power station operates 28 batteries, the number of full-load operations is 288. In the actual calculation, because most of the replaced batteries have a lot of remaining power, the charging time is shortened. Therefore, each fully loaded vehicle in the power station is counted as 300 vehicles. To achieve the 65% load rate required for profitability, it is necessary to serve about 195 trams.

Aodong power exchange station

At present, Beiqi New Energy has only put in more than 7,000 power exchange vehicles in Beijing, Xiamen, Guangzhou and Lanzhou, which are allocated to 121 power exchange stations, and each power exchange station serves less than 58 vehicles.

In order to improve the operation efficiency of the power exchange station, on July 5 this year, when BAIC New Energy officially released the private power exchange mode, it announced that all power exchange stations were open to the whole industry and all brands of electric vehicles that met the technical standards could exchange power at the power exchange station of BAIC New Energy.

However, so far, no friends have officially joined the power exchange mode of BAIC New Energy. Earlier, an insider revealed that he was interested in joining, but it was not confirmed by all parties. King Cao said that Beiqi New Energy and Aodong are both attracting investment, and if there are cooperation projects, a corresponding special conference will be held.

EU5 Quick Change Edition will be launched next year.

To speed up profitability and improve the utilization rate of power exchange stations, BAIC New Energy did not put all its treasures on attracting investment.

At present, only one EU300 under BAIC New Energy supports private power exchange. Wang Ju, general manager of Beijing BAIC Smart Energy Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as BAIC Smart) revealed that in addition to EU300, EU5 will also launch a power exchange version in the fourth quarter of next year to alleviate the problem of single power exchange products. BAIC Wisdom is responsible for the overall planning, management, sales and service of new energy vehicles.

Baw new energy EU5

On August 15th, Beiqi new energy EU5 was listed in North China. The two versions of the car, R500 and R550, have a comprehensive cruising range of 416 kilometers and 460 kilometers respectively, and the national unified price is 129,900-161,900 yuan.

It is reported that in 2020, the high-end brands of BAIC New Energy will also launch battery-changing models.

Who bought the tram?

Low car price, low electricity bill, cheap maintenance, and "blowing air conditioners doesn’t cost a penny" are the official slogans of Beiqi New Energy Power Exchange Edition models.

Beiqi New Energy EU Quick Change Package Scheme

Some analysts believe that the purchase price and use price of the EU quick-change version are not low:

First, it is not cheap to spend nearly 80 thousand yuan to buy a car body, plus a deposit of 6,000 yuan, and the advantages of one-time investment are not obvious compared with fuel vehicles;

Secondly, the monthly battery cost includes package fee and monthly rent. Take package A as an example, the electricity fee per kilometer actually reaches 0.7 yuan, which is higher than the official 0.36 yuan; Not many people will buy a car for "blowing air conditioners for free".

However, judging from the feedback from the owners of changing trams, cost is not the main reason for buying cars.

"There is no fixed parking space in the old residential area where I live, so it is inconvenient to charge", which is the key for several EU quick-change car owners to choose to change trams. At present, apart from BAIC New Energy, there is only one battery-changing vehicle sold privately, and positioning the high-end ES8 is obviously beyond the affordability of ordinary consumers.

"Even if this car is sold in the early 100 thousand, I will still buy it, because it is really convenient to change electricity." An EU quick change version owner said this.

Of course, as far as the current layout of the power exchange station is concerned, the power exchange version of the car is not universal. Another thing that several car owners have in common is that their homes are close to the power exchange station. One of the car owners lives in a community only two kilometers away from the nearest power station. Users who live far away from the power exchange station may not be so convinced of the power exchange version.

According to the planning of Beiqi New Energy, after all the power stations in Beijing are opened, the average service radius of the urban area will reach 2.78km. Before that, it is not easy to reach the load rate of 65%, and the unprofitable state of the power stations may continue. (End)