作者： admin

The safety of Fuerjia mask is questioned： the medical mask contains high-risk preservatives and uses National Medical Products Administration to make false propaganda.

On September 8th, 2022, the online celebrity medical mask Fuerjia, which rose in recent years, made its debut on the Growth Enterprise Market of Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and will soon become another medical beauty concept stock in A shares. However, the IPO of New Economy noticed that the medical masks vigorously promoted by Fuerjia in hospitals and medical institutions contained preservatives with cancer risk, and its whitening masks were falsely publicized in the name of National Medical Products Administration.

Medical facial mask contains high-risk preservatives.

A consumer told the IPO of New Economy that she was recommended to buy Furjia medical repair patch after surgery in a medical and beauty institution. Unexpectedly, after using it, her face became swollen, red pimples and her eyes ached. She suspected that there were allergic substances in the ingredients of the mask, so she looked up the ingredient list and found that there were only three chemical ingredients besides sodium hyaluronate and water:Sodium ethyl paraben, sodium propyl paraben, carbomer 940.

After looking it up, she found that,Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and sodium propyl p-hydroxybenzoate are preservatives, while carbomer 940 is a thickener.She suspected that preservatives caused skin allergic reactions.

So, what preservatives did Fuerjia add to this medical mask under the banner of postoperative repair and skin allergy prevention?

National Medical Products Administration official website found that Fuerjia Medical Sodium Hyaluronate Repair Patch applied for registration as the second class medical device in April 2021. The registrant is Harbin Beixing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and the approver is Heilongjiang Drug Administration. The main components of the product are sodium hyaluronate, water for injection, sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, carbomer 940 and nonwovens. Its application scope is "used for mild and moderate acne, promoting wound healing and skin repair; It has an auxiliary therapeutic effect on early pigmentation and scar formation after acne healing, skin allergy and laser photon treatment. "

Let’s take a look at its components one by one.

Needless to say, sodium hyaluronate is hyaluronic acid. There is nothing to say about water for injection and nonwovens, which are normal medical accessories. Carbomer 940 is a thickener, which is often used in cosmetics.

According to public information, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and propyl p-hydroxybenzoate are efficient preservatives, and the combination of them can improve the anticorrosion ability and solubility. In order to extend the shelf life of cosmetics, different doses of preservatives are added, which is a routine operation. For example, the shelf life of facial masks is generally 2-3 years, and it is impossible to keep them for such a long time without adding preservatives.

However, it is worth noting that,The two preservatives used in Fuerjia medical sodium hyaluronate repair patch belong to nipagin ester preservatives, including methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben and so on..

In recent years, there is a great controversy around nipagin ester preservatives. Previous studies have said thatExcessive use of parabens in cosmetics can cause contact dermatitis.A study by British medical staff shows that,The accumulation of nipagin ester in human body will increase the risk of breast cancer and uterine cancer in women.

Although the scientific community is rightThe carcinogenicity of nipagin ester is controversial, but considering its potential toxicity, the EUIn 2014, the amount of propyl paraben and butyl paraben was restricted, from the previously allowed amount of 0.4% for single use and 0.8% for mixed use to 0.14% for single use or joint use. In addition, these two preservatives are prohibited from being added to the diaper area of children under 3 years old.

At present, the general consensus in the industry is that,Methyl hydroxybenzoate and ethyl hydroxybenzoate are relatively safe at the legally limited concentration, but propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and butyl hydroxybenzoate should be treated with caution.

The Fuerjia medical sodium hyaluronate repair patch does not disclose the specific dosage of its nipagin ester in the ingredient list.However, compared with ethylparaben, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate has a higher risk, so it seems inappropriate to use it after medical and aesthetic surgery.

As far as the specific risks are concerned, a third-party cosmetics evaluation website made a simple comparison. The risk level of sodium hyaluronate and water used in Fuerjia medical repair patch is 1, which means it is very safe; However, the risk in propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate is as high as 7, which means that the risk is high.

Therefore, in Tik Tok and Xiaohongshu, some merchants with goods advertised that the production standard of mechanical brand medical beauty mask was higher and less preservatives were added, which could not stand scrutiny. At the very least, this medical repair patch of Volga uses a high-risk preservative and does not choose a safer substitute.

This not only reminds people of the carcinogen incident of Haitian soy sauce additives, which involves the carcinogen sodium benzoate. Like propyl paraben, sodium benzoate is a preservative, and sodium benzoate can react with vitamin C to generate carcinogenic benzene. For this reason, Japan and other countries have stopped producing sodium benzoate and restricted its use.

Invisible preservative hiding behind the scenes

Compared with the above preservatives, there is also a kind of "invisible" preservatives in cosmetics. These preservatives are no longer on the public list of preservatives, but they can still play an antiseptic role. Furga’s cosmetic mask has a similar operation. For example, in the Volga Nicotinamide Whitening and Spotting Repair Mask, the new economic IPO found that,Volga used the classic combination of "p-hydroxyacetophenone" and "1,2 hexanediol".

According to public information,1,2- Hexanediol is a polyol.At present, it is not listed as a preservative, but defined as a humectant and a penetration aid. Usually, the addition of about 5% will have a clear antiseptic effect.

P-hydroxyacetophenone is a natural antioxidant component in plants, and it is a new preservative substitute product. It can be compounded with hexanediol and propylene glycol to replace traditional preservatives.

In the product formula submitted by Volga to the State Food and Drug Administration,P-hydroxyacetophenone and 1,2-hexanediol are widely used, and the purpose of use is marked as "moisturizing", "freckle" and "conditioner". But in fact, they have only one purpose: anti-corrosion.

Why can’t we just label it "preservative"?

This is because "p-hydroxyacetophenone" and "1,2 hexanediol" are on the list of 51 preservatives stipulated by the state. However, when declaring the purpose of use, these two materials can’t pass if they are preservatives, but they can be called moisturizers/skin conditioners.

The new economy IPO noticed that in addition to preservatives, there is another very interesting ingredient in the Vulgar whitening mask:Hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid.

Hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid is often used as a buffer in the laboratory. It has the effect of exfoliating keratin when used in cosmetics, which can help remove aged keratin on the skin surface and increase the absorption of active ingredients. However, it should be noted that,When using hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid, it is necessary to avoid light, otherwise it will produce hydrogen peroxide (that is, hydrogen peroxide). Therefore, the mask added with this material is suitable for use at night.

Interestingly, Fuerjia Whitening Mask was actually played in the publicity copy of an e-commerce channel."Full scene whitening", "protection before sun exposure" and "repair after sun exposure"The words, this is to let female consumers produce toxins on their faces and destroy themselves?

Stealing the name of National Medical Products Administration for false propaganda.

In addition to his poor understanding of product safety and his mistakes in using scenes for publicity, Fuerjia was also suspected of embezzling National Medical Products Administration’s name for false publicity.

On the page of JD.COM Volga Nicotinamide Whitening and Spotting Repair Mask,Its products call themselves "whitening special certificate holder", and publicly declare that the products have "freckle whitening special certificate".The picture below shows the registration certificate of Volga Nicotinamide Whitening and Spotting Repair Mask, stamped by National Medical Products Administration.

This is equivalent to telling consumers that this whitening and freckle-removing mask holds the "freckle-removing and whitening certification certificate" issued by National Medical Products Administration. What is the truth? Will National Medical Products Administration really endorse the efficacy of a mask?

In National Medical Products Administration official website, Furjia Nicotinamide Whitening and Spotting Repair Mask was registered and approved as a domestic cosmetic in October 2020. However, in the remarks, National Medical Products Administration solemnly declared that,"National Medical Products Administration has not organized an audit of the alleged efficacy of this product, and this approval document is not regarded as an approval of the alleged efficacy of the product."

It can be seen that National Medical Products Administration only provides a product registration certificate, not a product certification certificate. Fuerjia used tiger skin as a banner, distorted the original intention of National Medical Products Administration’s registration certificate, and made false endorsements for its products.

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: New Economy IPO. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

(Editor: Yue Quan HN152)

What is the main data source of vehicle type library？

The data sources of the vehicle model library are rich and varied, mainly including information such as vehicle price and configuration updated by the service-side merchants in real time, data generated by customer inquiries or inquiries at the client end, information stored and processed at the control end, data disclosed by the government or relevant departments, data from insurance companies, data from third-party data providers, data submitted by users, data captured by web crawlers and data shared by partners. These multi-channel data provide comprehensive and detailed information for the vehicle library, covering all aspects of vehicles, and jointly build a huge and accurate vehicle library data system.

Real-time updating of merchants on the server plays an important role. Merchants are in the front line of the market, and can keep abreast of vehicle price fluctuations, configuration adjustments, etc. The information they upload allows the vehicle library to keep up with market trends and ensure that users get the latest vehicle information.

The data of the client can’t be underestimated. The data generated by customers when inquiring about vehicle parameters or asking about prices reflect the actual needs and concerns of consumers. This information is helpful for the vehicle library to further optimize the content presentation and better meet the query needs of users.

The public data of the government or relevant departments, such as vehicle registration, driver information, traffic accident records, etc., have injected official authoritative information into the vehicle library. The data of insurance companies, such as vehicle insurance records and claims records, can let users know the risk status of vehicles.

Third-party data providers bring detailed vehicle repair and maintenance records to help users evaluate the reliability of vehicles more comprehensively. The data submitted by users, such as vehicle photos, locations, etc., enrich the content dimension of the vehicle model library. The information such as vehicle configuration and owner evaluation captured by web crawler broadens the data collection surface.

The data shared by partners enables the vehicle library to integrate multiple resources. Through the vehicle condition data uploaded by vehicle information providers such as enterprise fleet, the vehicle model library can make statistical analysis and provide more valuable reference for users.

In a word, these data from different sources complement each other, confirm each other, and gather together into a rich and accurate data treasure of vehicle library, which provides a solid foundation for users to understand automobile information and help them make more informed car purchase decisions.

The provident fund needs to be adjusted again! After the central government decides to adjust the provident fund, Beijing will reduce the fee first.

　　China Economic Weekly-Economic News (Reporter qi zhou) In July, the annual adjustment of the provident fund came again. After completing the remittance business in June, many units will adjust the payment base of the provident fund according to the average monthly salary of employees in the previous year. It is reported that Nanchang, Kunming, Chongqing, Harbin and other cities have all raised the contribution base of the provident fund. If the salary of the previous year rises and the contribution ratio of the unit provident fund remains unchanged, the employee’s contribution to the provident fund will increase. However, some netizens pointed out that if the salary remains unchanged this year, the contribution of the provident fund will increase, which means that the salary will be less.

　　Beijing implements "fee reduction" measures for provident fund loans

　　In addition to raising the deposit base of provident fund in various places, some regions have also optimized policies such as provident fund withdrawal.

　　For example, Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center issued a notice: from July 1, 2020, the second-hand housing appraisal fee for individual housing loans of housing provident fund issued after September 16, 2019 (inclusive) will no longer be borne by the borrower, while the portfolio loan will be borne by the loan trustee bank, while the non-portfolio loan will be borne by Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center, and the second-hand housing appraisal fee paid by the borrower will be returned.

　　At the same time, in order to facilitate the applicant’s loan repayment, since July 1 this year (inclusive), the accepted individual housing loan borrowers of housing provident fund can apply to use the funds in their housing provident fund account to directly repay the loan on the repayment dates agreed in the contract in January and July each year. In other words, the balance of the provident fund account can be directly used to repay the loan, and there is no need to withdraw it from the fixed account for repayment.

　　Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of Yiju Research Institute, believes that such regulations objectively reflect the guidance of fee reduction and make the loans of provident fund smoother.

　　"Beijing’s policy further reflects the convenience of provident fund loans. Judging from the evaluation cost of second-hand housing with provident fund loans for single housing, it is about several hundred yuan. From the perspective of buyers under this year’s epidemic, similar cost savings have a positive effect, at least reducing the pressure of transactions. Of course, the follow-up should guard against the risks of some intermediary speculation policies. In particular, such policies are used to exaggerate the tendency of policy relaxation. Because from the perspective of the second-hand housing market in Beijing, there has been a wave of speculation this year, so while digesting good policies, we must further promote the stability of second-hand housing transactions. " Yan Yuejin told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

　　Last year, the per capita withdrawal of housing provident fund was about 30 thousand yuan

　　In fact, the debate about provident fund has not stopped for some time. Celebrities such as Huang Qifan, Dong Mingzhu and Yao Jinbo, as well as researchers in Lou Jiwei and Chen Huai, have all expressed their views. However, regarding whether the provident fund should be abolished or retained, in fact, the central authorities have already set the tone.

　　On May 18th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council officially issued "Opinions on Accelerating the Improvement of the Socialist Market Economic System in the New Era", clearly proposing to speed up the establishment of a housing system with multi-subject supply, multi-channel guarantee and simultaneous rent and purchase, and reform the housing provident fund system.

　　This means that the state will not "across the board" the provident fund, but improve and reform it on the original basis, and the idea of "canceling the provident fund" has been overturned.

　　In mid-June, the 2019 Annual Report of the National Housing Provident Fund jointly issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Finance and the People’s Bank of China showed that in 2019, the amount of housing provident fund paid in China was 2,370.967 billion yuan; In the whole year, 56,485,600 people withdrew from the housing provident fund, with an amount of 1,628.178 billion yuan, with a per capita income of about 30,000 yuan; 2,860,400 individual housing loans were issued, with an amount of 1,213.906 billion yuan. It is worth mentioning that the proportion of employees paid in the non-public economy is as high as 49.04%, nearly half.

　　Zou Linhua, head of the housing big data project team of the Institute of Finance and Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that there are some problems in the current housing provident fund system, such as backward operation mode and low rate of return on funds, and there are also some calls to cancel the housing provident fund. However, housing provident fund, as an institutional arrangement of housing cooperative finance, can effectively reduce the interest burden of house purchase and improve the welfare of employees. The housing accumulation fund system needs to be reformed, but it should not be simply abolished.

　　"The problems existing in the current provident fund system include many aspects: First, they are fragmented, lacking efficiency and unified norms. The local provident funds are independently operated and managed by local governments, and their practices are different; Second, the investment efficiency is low, and at present, only the current interest income can be obtained, resulting in a waste of funds; Third, the extraction is not convenient enough; Fourth, the quota is limited. In the context of high housing prices, it is often necessary to combine commercial loans to complete the purchase of houses, resulting in an increase in the cost of buying houses. " Zou Linhua said in an interview with China Economic Weekly.

　　He suggested that the direction of the reform of the provident fund system can consider the following aspects: first, unification and standardization to improve operational efficiency; The second is to broaden investment channels and improve capital gains; Third, extraction is more convenient; The fourth is to increase the quota on the basis of unified operation.

United States： Militia uprising against forced demolition, sentenced to 68 years.

In April 2014, the US federal government rounded up more than 400 livestock of Cliven Band-Aid’s family in the name of "illegal grazing". Farmers and villagers set up their own militia to fight the federal police with guns in order to get their livestock back. After a week of confrontation, the federal government announced its unconditional withdrawal. However, shortly after the conflict ended, 17 people, including Band-Aid himself and his two sons, were brought to court by the federal government.

On July 26th, local time, Gregory Blethen, a 53-year-old from Phoenix, Arizona, was tried and sentenced to 68 years’ imprisonment.

In the first-instance judgment held in April this year, Blethen was charged with eight felonies, including threatening and attacking federal government officials, obstructing justice, extortion with prohibited guns, and violence.

Gregory Blethen

It is understood that Clive Band-Aid is a farmer who owns a vast pasture near Clark Bunkerville, Clark County, Nevada. On April 7, 14, the US Federal Bureau of Land Management and the US National Park Service issued a formal order at the same time, dispatching nine helicopters and more than 200 police officers to clear the pasture, confiscating more than 400 cattle raised in the pasture on the spot, and continuing to round up Band-Aid’s cattle. The American media also followed the pictures of the government police forces.

Cleveland, a farmer and landlord in Nevada …BAND-AID


Screenshot of US media reports

The federal authorities confiscated more than 400 cattle from Band-Aid Ranch on the grounds that: as early as 1993, the US Federal Bureau of Soil Management issued regulations restricting grazing in Bunkville, in order to protect a rare turtle; Band-Aid Ranch happens to be in the tortoise protection zone. During more than 20 years from 1993 to 2014, the Band-Aid family continued to graze regardless of the ban, and after the district court twice fined 1.2 million US dollars, the Band-Aid family refused to pay the fine, so the cattle and sheep in their ranch were confiscated.

Federal Bureau of Soil Management legislates to protect rare turtles.

After more than 400 cattle were confiscated, Band-Aid’s family was very dissatisfied. Band-Aid’s son and other relatives and friends went to find the police theory of rounding up. They believe that the Band-Aid family moved here as early as 1877, when the Federal Bureau of Soil Management was not established, and the Band-Aid family had absolute property rights over the ranch. In addition, Band-Aid also said that since 2000, Nevada’s development has been in full swing. Reid, the Senate Majority Leader and Democrat in Congress, and his family have "targeted" this ranch, hoping to develop real estate here and introduce Chinese companies and China enterprises to build solar power plants.

The anti-epidemic drama ＂Together＂ is hot shot, wearing a mask and acting all by eyes.

　　Organized and directed by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, Shanghai Radio and Television Station, Yaoke Media and Shangshi Film Co-produced the time report drama Together, a key anti-epidemic theme, which is being filmed in Beijing, Shanghai and Wuxi. Based on the real characters and stories from all walks of life during the "anti-epidemic" period, the play restores the ordinary and well-intentioned actions of small people in the big environment. From May 18th to 20th, the producer held a class visit across the three places, and invited the national mainstream media to witness the filming process. Directors Shen Yan, Huatao Teng, Liu Jiang, Wang Jun and actors Lei Jiayin, Yang Yang and Jin Dong shared their feelings.

　　"Off-season" filming cotton-padded jacket performance in high temperature

　　At present, many parts of the country have entered the summer, and "off-season" shooting has become the biggest problem encountered by the creators of various units. Whether it’s the unit of Search directed by Liu Jiang, the unit of Peer directed by Huatao Teng or the unit of Fangcang directed by Wang Jun, the leading actors have to wear thick cotton-padded jacket or protective clothing in the high temperature of 30 degrees to perform their roles. In addition, in order to restore the real scene, nearly 80% of the scenes, actors have to wear masks to shoot, and acting only by their eyes has become their biggest challenge in performance. Jin Dong bluntly said: "I try to put the feelings of this paragraph into the characters and roles I play. Because the story is very short, the shorter it is, the more I cherish every shot of every scene, hoping to portray the image of the real aid medical staff in Hubei. "

　　In order to better enter the role, Yang Yang entered the hospital in advance for experiential learning. The experience of the early stage has brought the performance well in the real shooting, and the instantaneous outbreak in an emotional drama has also touched many reporters visiting the class.

　　Lei Jiayin said that although wearing a mask can only express many emotions through eyes, he believes that as long as he is fully involved in the role, the audience will feel the sincerity of his performance.

　　Involving medical knowledge and strictly following professional requirements.

　　Due to the particularity of the subject matter, the play will involve many professional plots in epidemic prevention and medicine, which is also the part that needs special attention in shooting. It is reported that each unit story of Together will be guided by relevant professionals and groups, and when to wear protective clothing, when to take off, when to wear N95 masks, when to wear ordinary masks and when to wear gloves will strictly follow professional requirements.

　　When talking about the preparation process of Together, Chen Yuren, vice president of Shanghai Wenguang Film and Television Group, said, "This project is guided by the State Administration of Radio and Television and fully supported by National Health Commission and the Propaganda Department of Shanghai Municipal Committee. Probably unprecedented in the history of TV drama shooting, it was planned that year, completed the script that year, filmed that year, and broadcast that year. "

　　Simultaneous shooting in many places is expected to be broadcast in October.

　　Under the epidemic situation, it reflects the little people in the great era, writes the civilian heroes and eulogizes the dedication … … These are the common themes of different unit stories in Together. "The protagonists in the 10 stories of the whole drama cover a wide range of occupations, including medical workers, officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army, public security officers, community workers, courier brothers, etc. I hope that this drama can restore the contribution made by ordinary people to fighting the epidemic and convey our sense of social responsibility as the mainstream media." Chen Yuren said.

　　"Time reportage drama" is a concept put forward by the TV drama department of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, that is, TV drama works with fast creation, true stories as the prototype and documentary style as the characteristics. The production method of Together refers to the film My People，My Country, with an independent story every two episodes, and the whole drama has 10 stories and 20 episodes. At present, the drama is being filmed at the same time in many places and is expected to be broadcast in October. Text/reporter Yang Wenjie

Taiwan Province Democratic Progressive Party invited Dalai to visit Taiwan, and the Kuomintang lambasted him.

● August 5.

-The severe tropical storm Morakot intensified into a typhoon at 14: 00 on August 5th, 1080 kilometers south-east of Keelung, Taiwan Province.

● August 6th.

-Typhoon Morakot will move to the north-northwest in the future, continue to strengthen, and will soon land in Taiwan Province.

● August 7th.

-Typhoon Morakot No.8 landed in Hualien, Taiwan at 23: 45 on August 7, and many places in Taiwan were seriously affected.

● August 8th.

—— "Morakot" is approaching, the sky in Wenzhou is overcast, and the dark clouds in Cangnan, Zhejiang are under pressure, with strong winds and waves.

● August 9

-Typhoon Morakot landed in Xiapu, Fujian at 16: 20 on August 9, with serious waterlogging.

● August 10th.

-After Morakot landed, Cangnan County, Zhejiang Province was still surrounded by stagnant water, and there was obvious stagnant water in the urban area.

● August 10th.

-"Morakot" caused the traffic in Fujian and Zhejiang to be affected, and some sections were blocked for three days, and the water level rose and the waves churned.

● August 10th.

-Taiwan Province was attacked by Morakot, resulting in 15 deaths, 150 missing and 20 broken bridges.

● August 10th.

-"Morakot" affected the three-way traffic in Shanghai and was partially blocked.

● August 10th.

-"Morakot" has caused more than 7.8 million people in Chinese mainland to be affected and three people died.

● August 10th.

-Hui Liangyu, member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and vice premier of the State Council, went to Fujian and Zhejiang to inspect and guide flood control and flood relief.

● August 11th.

-Affected by Typhoon Morakot, heavy rains fell in southern Anhui, central Jiangsu, Guangdong, Pearl River Delta, central and western Yunnan.

● August 11th.

—— "Morakot" is far away from Fujian, and the rainfall has weakened, and the transportation power supply has recovered rapidly. The typhoon continues to hit Jiangsu with violent storms.

● August 11th.

-"Morakot" hit Taiwan Province hard, causing 600 people to be buried in Kaohsiung.

● August 11th.

-"Morakot" will leave Zhejiang, and the impact of wind and rain will continue, and the water level in Taihu Lake will still exceed the warning line.

● August 11th.

-Tropical storm "Ai Tao" moves eastward, which will have little impact on China in the future.

● August 11th.

-"Morakot" entered the Yellow Sea at 1500 hours, and there was a strong wind in the sea. China Meteorological Bureau lifted the emergency response status.

● August 11th.

-"Morakot" caused nearly 9 million people in four provinces to be affected, and the direct economic loss due to the disaster was 9.06 billion yuan.

● August 12

-Taiwan Province special forces marched into the buried villages in Kaohsiung County for search and rescue, and the disaster was beyond imagination. Alishan was badly hit.

● August 12

By noon on the 12th, Typhoon Morakot had killed 67 people, left 61 missing and injured 45 people in Taiwan Province.

● August 12

-No.8 typhoon Morakot stopped numbering, and there will be strong precipitation in southwest China and other places.

Station A and bilibili have parted ways on the road of the second element, and there must be a fight on ＂retaining users＂

Station A and bilibili are well-deserved "barrage video" giants in the current market, but apart from the secondary content and barrage culture, the development of Station AB is quite different now, one is high-profile and commercialized in many aspects, and the other is deeply involved in IP. But in essence, there is still no substantial breakthrough in the current business model of the two platforms.

Station A and bilibili may be regarded by many people as two-dimensional barrage websites. In fact, they are different in their founder style, operation strategy and audience. For example, Station A is deeper in the house. Compared with bilibili, there are more unpopular resources that otaku love. bilibili pays more attention to the development around the second element, such as otaku cultural tours and communities in Japan.

According to the recently disclosed data, there are far more users in bilibili than in Station A, and many people follow the story of Entertainment Jun. Many staff in bilibili look down on Station A and think that Station A is not an order of magnitude with bilibili.However, unlike the "Paradise of Professional Imperial Houses" in Station A, bilibili’s audience has quietly changed blood, and gradually changed from the small crowd to the public, and the core secondary culture has gradually diluted, and the secondary core fans have slowly lost, making it without barriers.

The difference between the public and the minority directly leads to the transformation of its commercialization road. First of all, look at the gold owners in A and bilibili. The following are the financing situations of Station A and bilibili respectively.

As we all know, because of the inconsistency between investors and managers, every time the company raises funds, it will lead to a large-scale high-level resignation. This is also one of the main reasons why Station A has been stagnant in recent years.The management didn’t understand the core value of Station A, and after squeezing out the original manager, they didn’t have the ability to operate, which eventually led to the gradual decline of Station A.

On the contrary, bilibili has become the investment target that capital loves because of its smooth commercialization.

Reading Entertainment Jun combed the commercialization road of Station A and bilibili, and found that, in fact, neither the high-profile bilibili nor the silent Station A, its so-called commercialization road, did not break through the originator of barrage culture: Japanese Station N (niconico). Niconico’s income mainly comes from membership fees, advertisements and offline activities (surrounding areas, tickets). Now N Station has developed into one of the few profitable video websites in the world. Some important Japanese political activities have also begun to broadcast live on Station N, which has also broadcast live the two sessions in China.

There are five main ways to realize cash in bilibili, which basically follow niconico’s business model.First, the game is combined transport, and the income from joint operation of games is quite rich. Like Collapse Academy 2, Blade of God, LOVELIVE! Many mobile games and page tours, such as Academy Idol Festival, Tale of Meruko, etc. At the same time, bilibili, who has gathered a large amount of two-dimensional deep powder, is also playing games by himself; The second is advertising, including all kinds of advertisements on the home page and video pages, special cooperation advertisements and so on; Third, the official Taobao shop, the derivative consumption of secondary content, mainly surrounding and tickets; The fourth is live broadcast, which can be used as diversion, and the income from website drawing is also considerable; Fifth, activities, various activities, tourism projects, concerts, offline fee-paying parties, including BiliBili Micro Link, Japan tour and so on. Especially recently, bilibili announced that tourism should be developed and financed separately.

Station A, which insists on the construction of accurate traditional secondary cultural community, is at a disadvantage. Originally, accurate fan positioning was also a way out, but the low management ability of Station A and the poor user experience at the client made it difficult to sustain the construction mode of community forums that were highly dependent on users. In addition, except for financing, station A has basically made no achievements: infringement crisis, "jumping the street" for 37 hours, blacklisting by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and repeated replacement of CEO … …

After receiving the investment from Heyi Group, Station A will basically try its best to cooperate with the latter in various fields, such as self-made animation and film dramas, and the development of the entire IP industry chain. In addition, Station A itself is also incubating original content and supporting up owners. The business outside the content will be handed over to partners, including Aofei Animation, one of the shareholders of Station A..

"I don’t expand the field, I only do the depth. Because we are vertical enough, users are sticky enough. " Liu Yanyan, the current CEO, once said when he took office for seven months. However, in a recent media interview, he also admitted that Station A began to explore commercialization this year. He said, "It was not until July this year that the commercialization preparation was completely completed, and then advertising and game operation will be started."

In the interview, I revealed to the reporter the business plan of Station A: I will start to access advertisements soon, and I will try to collect membership fees; In the future, we will also consider proxy games, and at the same time, we will also launch live broadcast functions.

What? Isn’t this the rest of bilibili’s play? !

But excessive commercialization is not a good thing.

First of all, more users do not mean stronger liquidity.According to bilibili CTO in September, users aged 0 to 17 are the main users in bilibili, accounting for 37.6%; About 30% are 18 to 24 years old; Users over 25 add up to less than 10%. If the unknown part is users under the age of 17, the number of young users in bilibili will be close to half.

According to the network data, most of the users in Station A are male, accounting for over 80%, mainly between the ages of 20 and 29. The biggest feature of such users is their strong vertical consumption power. Compared with bilibili, which accounts for nearly half of the young users, users in Station A have stronger ability to pay, especially when A and bilibili regard games as an important source of their income.

Moreover, the main profit point of Station A and bilibili is "game joint venture", but from the perspective of users’ age in bilibili, their younger age has affected their ability to pay. In this way, on October 10th, bilibili introduced the "big membership" system with a monthly 25 yuan of 233 yuan, which is not a good move.

Secondly, in terms of user stickiness, bilibili’s "open membership" can’t keep users for a long time.

It must be said that the quality of barrage is better than that of station A. As a platform of barrage culture, in recent years, in order to expand users on a large scale and reduce membership, bilibili has created a group of users with low quality, which has seriously reduced the quality of barrage. There are many non-secondary users who are searching for answers while answering questions (after passing the exam, they have the right to send barrage), and there is often a phenomenon that fans fly all over the screen "This is my husband".

Compared with a large number of popular science barrage and wild subtitles in Station A, bilibili’s barrage is really "elementary school students’ level", which makes many senior houses abandon it and switch to Station A..

In addition, at the beginning of September this year, bilibili set up an advertising area and inserted 15-second advertisements into popular cartoons. Non-otaku people like Reading Entertainment Jun, who "came to bilibili because they didn’t want to watch advertisements", will definitely abandon it after a large number of advertisements are mixed in bilibili.

Because of the earlier development of Station A, its users have higher brand loyalty, higher user retention rate and higher payment rate. Although bilibili’s popularization route can bring large traffic and high-quality investors, there are no barriers to popularization, and bilibili’s development road becomes: "video website with barrage" — — "Iqiyi without advertisements" — — "Video websites with travel services" eventually became Youku and Iqiyi, which is not a good phenomenon; The cultural tonality advocated by Station A is a selling point, which brings the secondary population together to form a resource barrier. Of course, it is better to add a clearer commercialization model.

[titanium media author introduction: reading entertainment, WeChat ID: hanguoxingyule]

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Since the beginning of this year, leaders of at least nine colleges and universities have been investigated, and some people have voluntarily surrendered themselves after taking office for half a year

　　On June 26th, according to the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Team of the State Commission for Discipline Inspection in the Ministry of Education of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Supervision Committee of the Beijing Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection, Cai Xiang, former member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee and vice president of China Communication University, was suspected of serious violation of the law and was currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　Cai Xiang, former member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee and Vice President of China Communication University (data map)

　　In recent years, discipline violations and corruption have occurred from time to time in colleges and universities. According to the reporter’s incomplete statistics, before Cai Xiang was notified, there were more than ten people who were notified by the website of the Supervision Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection this year, and most of them were "key minorities" at the level of principals, deans and party Committee secretaries. (among them, nine people are undergoing disciplinary review and supervision investigation, and three people are expelled from the party. )

　　On June 24th, Deng Xinhua, former member of the Standing Committee of Huangshi Municipal Committee, former Secretary-General and former Party Secretary of Hubei Institute of Technology, was suspected of serious violation of discipline and duty, and is currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On June 21st, Li Jin, secretary of the Party Committee of Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Chemical Technology, surrendered himself on suspicion of serious violation of discipline and law, and is currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation. The reporter noticed that it was only half a year before Li Jin became the party secretary of Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Chemical Technology. (In November 2018, Li Jin became the director of the Metallurgical Building Materials Division of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Economy and Information Technology, and from the following month, he also served as the party secretary of Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Chemical Technology. In February 2019, Li Jin no longer served as the director of the Metallurgical Building Materials Division of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Economy and Information Technology, and continued to retain the post of Party Secretary of Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Chemical Technology. )

　　On May 28th, Zhang Xinyi, former member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee and Vice President of Chongqing University of Technology, was suspected of serious violation of discipline and law, and is currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On May 15th, Teli, former deputy secretary of the Party Committee and president of Xilin Gol Vocational College, was even more suspected of serious violation of the law, and is currently undergoing disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On May 7, Shu Weilin, former Party Secretary of Sichuan Business Vocational College, was expelled from the Party and public office.

　　On April 25th, Deng Fuqing, former Party Secretary and Dean of Harbin Institute of Finance, was expelled from the Party and his retirement benefits were cancelled.

　　On April 11th, Sun Yongli, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of baicheng normal College, Jilin Province, was suspected of serious violation of discipline and law, and is currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On April 8, Jason, member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of Hubei Institute of Technology, vice president, president and secretary of the Party Committee of Erdong Medical Group, was suspected of serious violation of discipline and duty, and accepted disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On February 26th, Yang Yandong, former deputy secretary of the Party Committee and president of bohai university, was suspected of serious violation of discipline and law, and is currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On February 21st, Zhang Hanrong, member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee and Vice President of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University, accepted the disciplinary review and supervision investigation.

　　On January 24th, Zhang Guomin, former vice president of Gansu Agricultural University, was expelled from the Party and public office.

　　It is not difficult to see from the above cases that have been investigated and notified that the current anti-corruption work in colleges and universities is great. However, compared with the achievements, the problems behind it are more thought-provoking. It is shocking to sort out the cases of power rent-seeking in colleges and universities in recent years, especially the cases of "key minority" using power rent-seeking.

　　In September 2015, the Intermediate People’s Court of Heze City sentenced Xu Tongwen, former party secretary of Qilu University of Technology, to 13 years in prison for accepting bribes and corruption.

　　Xu Tongwen was sentenced to 13 years in the first instance (video screenshot)

　　According to media reports, in Qilu University of Technology, Xu Tongwen, who calls himself the "father of the university", is often arbitrary and arrogant. He believes that "the successful preparation of this university has contributed a lot to himself. Seeing that the surrounding developers and construction units have become rich in a short time, their psychology has become unbalanced, and they have gradually begun to think about private affairs and seek personal gain, and they have more desire for money. Later, whenever I heard someone send money to my family, I would feel a sense of accomplishment from my heart. "

　　In this way, in 14 years, Xu Tongwen accepted bribes for 117 times, totaling more than 4 million yuan. The hand of collecting money extends to almost all aspects of college work, such as enrollment, project bidding and material procurement. A few days before the investigation, there were still three bribery acts.

　　On November 22, 2018, the Intermediate People’s Court of Tonghua City, Jilin Province publicly pronounced the bribery case of Ren Fengchun, the former party secretary of baicheng normal College. Ren Fengchun was sentenced to 7 years in prison for accepting bribes and fined RMB 1 million.

　　Ren Fengchun, former Party Secretary of baicheng normal College (data map)

　　Similar to Xu Tongwen, during his tenure, Ren Fengchun also regarded himself as the "parent" of the college, "grasping major issues and minor feelings", "making decisions in one word", "spending money in finance" and "selecting and employing people". The college’s major decision-making, appointment and dismissal of important cadres, major project investment, and the use of large amounts of funds were all decided by him before the meeting. The college became his exclusive territory. In order to "provide better conditions for his daughter abroad and make himself and his wife have a more comfortable life after retirement", Ren Fengchun made great efforts to gain power and seek personal gain.

　　It was found through trial that from 2008 to 2014, Ren Fengchun took advantage of his position as Party Secretary of baicheng normal University to seek benefits for others in terms of project contracting, goods procurement and project payment, and illegally accepted property from others several times, amounting to more than 12 million yuan. After the incident, all the stolen money was refunded.

　　All the above cases show that colleges and universities are not pure land, and they are no longer "ivory towers" far from reality, but they should never become "private plots" for some "key minorities". Violation of discipline and corruption in colleges and universities not only pollute the campus atmosphere, but also endanger the long-term development of education.

　　It should be a pure land for teaching and educating people. Why has it become a high-incidence area for violations of discipline and corruption?

　　Some experts have analyzed the causes of corruption in colleges and universities from many aspects:

　　On the one hand, colleges and universities are relatively closed and easy to form "small circles"; On the other hand, the level and location of many colleges and universities are even higher, which is easy to cause supervision difficulties, that is, people often say that "the visible can’t be managed, but the managed can’t be seen". From the perspective of the school, the administration is serious and the power is centralized, which lacks strong constraints and supervision on the operation of power, especially in important positions and important fields; From outside the school, some people think that colleges and universities are "pure land" and "ivory towers". The leaders and teachers of colleges and universities are knowledgeable, highly cultivated and strict in self-discipline. They don’t know clearly about the severe and complicated situation of anti-corruption in colleges and universities, and they don’t pay enough attention to the supervision of college cadres.

　　In addition, behind the dust and pollution of the "ivory tower" is the trend of accelerated enrollment expansion and infrastructure growth in colleges and universities in recent years, which objectively provides more power rent-seeking space for some leading cadres in colleges and universities with selfish distractions. The fundamental problem is the expansion of selfish desires and poor supervision.

　　Then, how should the corruption in colleges and universities be governed? How can we create a good environment in colleges and universities?

　　The main person in charge of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Team of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in the Ministry of Education once said in an interview:

　　First, insist on keeping a close eye on old problems and paying attention to new trends. Keep a close eye on hedonism and extravagance, seize the time nodes such as entrance examination, graduation defense and holidays, and resolutely investigate and deal with violations of discipline; Pay close attention to the invisible variation problems such as making flexibility through academic activities and giving gifts from a distance in electronic red-envelope, and resolutely prevent the resurgence of "four winds". We will make greater efforts to oppose formalism and bureaucracy, focusing on correcting and investigating problems such as high-sounding statements, poor implementation, cherishing feathers, avoiding problems, inaction, chaos, and cold and hard appeals to teachers and students, which will form a powerful shock.

　　The second is to insist on investigating accountability and reporting exposure together. Firmly grasp the "key minority" of the leading bodies at all levels directly under the education system, persist in attacking the spiritual problems that violate the eight central regulations, and never be soft. Not only should we seriously deal with those directly responsible, but we should also investigate the main responsibility and leadership responsibility according to the situation, and conduct pressure at all levels. The typical cases should be notified by name, and the strong signal that the discipline will be stricter in the future will be continuously released, so as to consolidate the overwhelming situation of Zhi Zhi’s shame and stop.

　　Third, adhere to ideological education and system construction. In the process of investigating and handling violations of discipline, ideological and political work is always carried out, so that party member cadres who violate discipline can truly know their mistakes, admit their mistakes, regret their mistakes and correct them. In terms of system construction, combined with the reality of educational work, in view of the different manifestations of the "four winds" problem in ministries, institutions directly under the Central Committee and universities directly under the Central Committee, the specific measures to implement the spirit of the eight central regulations are revised again, a more targeted, scientific and effective system is formulated, and the stubborn style of work is solved with reform ideas and methods, so as to fundamentally control and prevent unhealthy trends.

Self-report of the person who was deceived and smuggled into northern Myanmar： handcuffed and knocked on the keyboard, escaped and was arrested and cried, begging not to ＂slap the waist＂

"It’s great to see four students return safely!" Recently, four college students in Anhui province were lured by "high salary" to cross the border during their internship, and were safely sent back after losing contact for a few days.

At the end of last year, in order to get back the customer’s payment of 170,000 yuan, Li Wei was deceived to Yunnan. As a result, the customer was kidnapped without seeing it, smuggled into Myanmar under duress and sold to a telecom fraud company.

Chen Liang, a native of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, was also robbed. He was attracted by the customer service recruitment advertisement of "3,000 yuan a day for 10 days" and took the initiative to sneak into Muse, Myanmar, under the temptation of "getting rich" to engage in telecom fraud. As the lucky returnees who fled from the telecom fraud company in North Myanmar, they recalled the unforgettable experience to reporters.

First arrival: "Knocking on the keyboard in handcuffs"

"All the people with guns are driving pickup trucks, and there are no traffic lights on the road." In January of this year, Li Wei, who was forced to sneak into Myanmar, saw a street scene that he had never imagined in Kokang Old Street. "At first glance, it was a company engaged in telecom fraud or an entertainment city. At that time, my mind was full." Walking into a 9-storey office building, Li Wei and another "workmate" were put into the dormitory 723 on the 7th floor, and the door was guarded by security guards 24 hours a day.

On the same day, the person in charge of the telecom fraud company left hundreds of A4-sized deceptive words as "training materials", and there was another sentence-"I want to work in 500 yuan for 10 days, but I don’t want to let my family pay a ransom of 200,000 yuan."

After a cursory reading, Li Wei saw that this was a company specializing in telecom fraud of marriage and love. Speech requires calling each other "baby", no matter whether the other party is happy or unhappy, there is a standard response. "For example, if’ Baby’ is unhappy today, she will ask for a red envelope from 520 yuan during the speech."

To Li Wei’s surprise, there are simulated scenes in the office building, which are decorated with Thai seascapes, offices and KTV boxes. Li Wei felt very ironic when he saw this scene. In the video, telecom fraudsters who claimed to be on vacation at the seaside in Thailand and singing in KTV actually couldn’t even get out of the office building.

During this period, Li Wei and his "workmates" were also taken to visit the "corporal punishment area". Li Wei recalled that the first floor of the office building was a corporal punishment area with a water dungeon and a scaffold for hanging people, and a man covered with bandages was being beaten. On the second floor is the office area. About 70 male employees are chatting with netizens at the same time, each with a computer and 15 mobile phones at his desk. Some people are injured, and some people are working in handcuffs. "The state is very depressed."

Li Wei’s experience is not a case. In Muse, northern Myanmar, there are also many telecom fraud companies, and Chen Liang is one of the former practitioners. He admits that he was not cheated innocently, but was tempted by "high salary". "I went voluntarily at first, and I felt that I had no ability and no education, so I wanted to make some money in the past."

Chen Liang sneaked into Muse and entered a telecom fraud company. The company has about 40 employees, each with five mobile phones. From 8: 00 am to 10: 00 pm, they are forced to work 14 hours a day, with only half an hour to eat, and even to go to the toilet within five minutes, and some people follow the surveillance.

Chen Liang introduced that his group was mainly for the Japanese people. They pretended to be public security personnel and told each other by phone that "the source of funds was unknown and they asked to put the money into a’ safe account’". Fraudsmen will wear Japanese police uniforms, then use AI to simulate the background of the Public Security Bureau, and make video calls with the deceived people through AI. "About one in five people will be cheated."

"The company’s daily commission is between 500,000 and 800,000 yuan, which are all divided by the managers themselves." Chen Liang found that most of the "workers" around him came for high salaries. "It is said that the daily salary is 3,000 yuan, and you will get rich in three months. In fact, you can’t get the last penny, and you may even put your life in it."

Flee: "I cried and begged not to lick my waist."

A week ago, Li Wei learned that a "workmate" who fled together was killed. The father of the "worker" received an overseas phone call, and the voice on the phone told him: "Your son hijacked our supervisor and tried to escape, but we shot him twice from behind." The old father still can’t accept the news that his son passed away. In Li Wei’s view, "workmates" are veterans with integrity, and they will definitely not commit telecom fraud after being cheated to Myanmar. "He will definitely resist to the end".

According to the interviewee, there is a saying in the industry that "it is even more impossible to escape after being beaten up in northern Myanmar", and many people use "Ga Yao Zi" to refer to the severe punishment that practitioners will face. It means that if there is no performance after going in, it will be resold to other companies, or it will be sold by "picking organs" and squeezed out of the last surplus value.

On the third day, Li Wei and his "workmates" chose to flee, which became their last time. Li Wei recalled that he and his "workmates" rolled sheets, pillowcases and Simmons into strips and tied them one by one to make a survival rope. They threw the rope out of the seventh floor window and slid down the rope. At that time, they knew nothing about the surrounding situation, and their only hope of escape was a doorway in the north fence.

"Workmate" was arrested back to the company after successfully landing, while Li Wei accidentally fell from the fifth floor and was seriously injured and unconscious. When Li Wei woke up in his hospital bed, his first reaction was to pull the doctor’s white coat and cry feebly, "Please don’t honk my waist, don’t …" After some struggle, Li Wei discovered that he was taken to the hospital for treatment, and was diagnosed with a burst fracture of lumbar vertebrae, a fracture of leg bones and ribs, and a concussion.

On January 4th, Li Wei found an opportunity to call his family for help. Since then, he has been showing signs of weakness, letting the two guards relax their vigilance. In the early morning of January 19th, Li Wei escaped from the hospital on crutches while two guards were fast asleep. After changing trains several times in the mountainous area along the China-Myanmar border, he was transported to Qingshui for home.

Compared with Li Wei’s thrilling escape, Justin Chen and his companions were luckier. They happened to be fellow villagers with the group leader. By chatting with the group leader about their hometown, they tried their best to cheat overseas netizens to make achievements, and they got a chance to go home. Chen Liang said that he worked in a fraud company for 16 days, which brought more than 200,000 yuan to the company, plus 50,000 yuan savings, all of which were handed over to the company, begging the company to let them return to China.

Finally, under the arrangement of the team leader, they were able to return to China. Chen Liang said, "If I don’t meet the leader of my fellow villagers, I only have two results. Either people are gone or I go all the way to black, which I don’t want to see." However, such luck is rare. For most people, it is difficult to escape from the telecom fraud "concentration camp" in northern Myanmar.

Chen Liang once saw with his own eyes that a "worker" lost two fingers, which was the punishment he received after fleeing and being caught back. A few days later, he witnessed the "worker" fleeing again. After being caught back, the unscrupulous manager cut off his tongue. Chen Liang said that although he came voluntarily, he just wanted to leave as soon as possible after seeing this scene. Chen Liang hopes to tell everyone with personal experience that telecom fraud companies are greedy, so be wary of such scams.

Returning to China: Anti-fraud with Personal Experience of Popular Science

"One person escapes from North Myanmar in one month", which is a summary of Li Wei’s own words. On the afternoon of March 21st, Li Wei broadcast live for 3 hours continuously. He kept telling netizens about his experience. "It is suggested that singles should not travel to Southeast Asia, and they must be vigilant when they go abroad for customer service with high salary."

Now, Li Wei’s experience of being cheated and tips to prevent telecom fraud can reach tens of thousands of netizens every day. He said that the original broadcast was only watched by dozens of people. Recently, due to the concern that "four students in Hefei, Anhui Province lost contact in Myanmar", the number of viewers in the live broadcast room suddenly jumped to 70,000 to 80,000.

In January this year, Li Wei returned to China and surrendered himself. He was fined 4,000 yuan for "the crime of stealing the border". He said that the road to return to China is actually very close, less than two hours by car, but it is full of danger and difficulties. Even the police investigating the case told Li Wei, "It’s a lot of luck to go there and get back smoothly, which is equivalent to buying lottery tickets for several times in a row.".

Like Li Wei, Cat turned himself in to Yunnan Dehong Public Security Bureau as soon as he returned home, and told the story in detail. He remembered the license plate number of the smuggling van and the self-built house that he temporarily lived in Yunnan, helped the police catch the "snakehead" and rescued 14 people who were going to smuggle.

Chen Liang said that he stood up and told the story because he hoped that everyone would know that he was familiar with this kind of scam. If there are relatives and friends around him who plan to go to Southeast Asia to do this kind of work, he should be discouraged anyway. "High-paying jobs abroad are not as good as you think."

Chen Liang suggested that installing the national anti-fraud App on the mobile phone can intercept overseas fraudulent calls. In addition, we should pay attention to protecting personal information.

(At the request of the interviewee, the characters in the text are all pseudonyms.)

Reservoirs have five main functions.

On Monday, November 30th, 2020, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the State Council policy, and invited Ye Jianchun, Vice Minister of Water Resources, Li Mingchuan, Head of Rural Economic Department of National Development and Reform Commission, Wu Qixiu, Director of Agriculture and Rural Department of Ministry of Finance, and Ruan Limin, Director of Operation and Management Department of Ministry of Water Resources, to introduce the situation of dangerous reservoirs and take questions from reporters.

[Xinhua News Agency China Economic Information Agency reporter]At present, more than 98,000 reservoirs of various types have been built in China, with remarkable economic and social benefits. What important role does the reservoir play in people’s production and life? This year, the climate in China is generally biased, and the rain and flood are rare for many years. What role has the reservoir project played in the prevention of floods and droughts?

[Ye Jianchun, Vice Minister of Water Resources]We have now built more than 98,000 reservoirs, which mainly have five functions: First, flood control. We have talked a lot about the flood this year. The second is water supply. The third is agricultural irrigation. The fourth is people’s livelihood. The fifth is to improve the ecological environment.

The first is flood control. The reservoir is our trump card for flood control. The rainfall in our country is unevenly distributed. About 80% of the water in the flood season, if it is not impounded by the reservoir, the flood on the river will be as high and low as the water from heaven. Therefore, the reservoirs we have built for more than 70 years have a total storage capacity of more than 930 billion cubic meters, of which more than 180 billion cubic meters can be used to regulate floods during the flood season. We call them flood control storage capacity. It is the first and most important function to stop the relatively high flood in the reservoir through the flood control storage capacity, which means the so-called peak shifting and peak clipping. It is the first and most important function to lower the downstream river embankment with a suitable amount of water.

The second is water supply. The water impounded by the reservoir has a storage capacity of 930 billion cubic meters, of which 180 billion cubic meters is for flood control, and other storage capacities can also play a role in water supply. We now supply more than 270 billion cubic meters of water to large and medium-sized reservoirs throughout the year, accounting for about 40% of the total water supply. On the one hand, reservoirs are used as water sources in many cities. On the other hand, many reservoirs are the source reservoirs of major water transfer projects, such as Danjiangkou Reservoir, which is the source of our South-to-North Water Transfer Project. In recent years, Danjiangkou Reservoir has played a very important role in the middle route water transfer.

The third is agricultural irrigation, which is more remarkable. We have more than 1 billion mu of cultivated land, and some of them have no irrigation capacity. Among those with irrigation capacity, there are more than 350 million mu of irrigation controlled by large and medium-sized reservoirs, accounting for about 30%. Numerous small reservoirs are also important water sources in rural areas, which play an active role in drought resistance and disaster reduction, drinking water safety for rural population and food security.

The fourth is to improve people’s livelihood, and the benefits in this regard are also obvious. Because most reservoirs are in rural areas, especially small reservoirs are mainly in rural areas, farmers rely on these reservoirs to play a lot of roles. If there is no requirement for drinking water in this reservoir, farming is ok, and tourism is ok, which can increase the benefits of agriculture and farmers’ income, and will play a positive role in rural economic development and rural revitalization in the next step.

The fifth is ecological benefits. Reservoirs have a certain effect on cooling, humidifying and purifying the surrounding environment. Of course, the size of different reservoirs is different in different regions.

We have introduced a lot about this year’s flood. Now that the flood season is over, let’s summarize this year’s situation. This year’s flood is the worst since 1998, and the reservoir has really played a very important role in flood control and flood fighting. We have had 21 numbered floods this year, compared with 20 in 1998. A total of 18,000 reservoir dispatching orders have been issued in all river basins, provinces, cities and counties. 4042 large and medium-sized reservoirs have been dispatched, and a total of 178.1 billion cubic meters of flood water has been impounded. The towns were flooded 1334 times, and the cultivated land was 34.15 million mu, avoiding the transfer of 22.13 million people. If the 22.13 million person-times were not due to the operation of the reservoir and more irregular and uneven water came down, these people would face the transfer. Due to reasonable regulation, these people did not transfer. It is particularly worth mentioning that there were five numbered floods in the Yangtze River this year, and the reservoirs in the upper and middle reaches intercepted a total of 49 billion cubic meters, of which 25.4 billion cubic meters were intercepted by the Three Gorges Reservoir alone, and the five flood peaks were released to the downstream smoothly and orderly. If these five flood peaks are not stopped, it will be disastrous for the downstream. The Three Gorges Reservoir and the reservoir cluster have played an important role, effectively reducing the downstream pressure.