Common vertigo
1. Otolithiasis
It is the most common in clinic, and it is mostly seen in otorhinolaryngology. Dizziness is related to the head position. The onset is sudden, and it begins with persistent dizziness, and it will be relieved after a few days and turn into paroxysmal dizziness. However, dizziness occurs when the head is in a certain position, which can last for tens of seconds, and it can be alleviated or disappeared when turning or reversing the head position. Significant nystagmus can be seen, and the duration of vertigo varies greatly. Most of them relieve or disappear within a few hours or days after onset.
2.Ménière’s disease
The clinical manifestation is that vertigo is intermittent and recurrent, with intervals ranging from days, months and years. It often happens suddenly. At the beginning, dizziness reaches the most serious degree, and the head movement and eyes are intensified, which is often accompanied by dumping. It is in a state of panic due to violent rotation and movement, accompanied bytinnitus、deafNausea, vomiting, pallor, slow pulse, decreased blood pressure andnystagmus. The duration of each time varies from several minutes to several hours, and some of them are in a continuous state for several days. Tired and sleepy after each attack. Intermittent balance and hearing return to normal. Vertigo follows the affected side after multiple attacks.deafOn the contrary, the aggravation is reduced and developed to complete.deafDizziness also disappears.
3. Ischemic lesions of VBA system of vertebrobasilar artery.
havenystagmusWithout other symptoms and signs of the nervous system. According to the clinical manifestations are divided into:① Transient ischemic attack type The attack is irregular, but it can be relieved or disappeared several times a day or once every few days, usually for several minutes to half an hour. Mild people only have dizziness and instability, while severe people frequently attack and progress to complete maze stroke.② Progressive stroke type Vertigo after onset,tinnitus、deafThe continuous progress intensified and reached its peak in a few days.③ Complete stroke type Dizziness, instability,tinnitus、deafPeak, obvious nystagmus. Symptoms can be gradually relieved after several weeks. There is always a legacyHearing impairmentDizziness.
There are other diseases that can also cause dizziness, all of which belong to the category of vertigo, such as: smallencephalorrhagia, cervical lesions,Intracranial tumorCraniumbrain traumaPoisoning by drugs or poisons, inflammatory demyelinating diseases, etc.
check
(1) Examination of vestibular function in consulting room or bedside: including upright dumping test, standing still test, neck twisting test, etc.
(2) nystagmus
(3) electronystagmography
(4) Balance posture diagram
Head CT, MRI, etc. to determine whether there are head space occupying, ischemic or hemorrhagic diseases.
Including blood pressure, electrocardiogram, biochemical examination, etc.
With the rapid development of medical science and technology, the detection of vestibular function is becoming more and more perfect, and electronystagmography (ENG) and posturography (PG) are commonly used in clinic. In recent years, some emerging vestibular test technologies, such as video electronystagmography (VNG), vestibular autorotation test (VAT), video head pulse test (V-HIT), dynamic visual sensitivity test (DVA), subjective visual straight line test, dynamic posturography and high-frequency rotation test, have been in succession.