Manage the economic environment and rectify the economic order.
The Third Plenary Session of the 13th CPC Central Committee agreed with the Political Bureau of the Central Committee’s guiding principles, policies and measures for managing the economic environment, rectifying the economic order and comprehensively deepening the reform. The plenary session decided that under the premise of adhering to the general direction of reform and opening up, the focus of reform and construction in 1989 and 1990 should be put on managing the economic environment and rectifying the economic order. Governing the economic environment is mainly to reduce the total social demand and curb inflation. Rectifying the economic order is to rectify all kinds of chaotic phenomena in the current economic life, especially in the circulation field. The plenary session demanded that resolute and effective measures should be taken in these two aspects.
Clean up the "triangle debt"
"Triangle debt" generally refers to the phenomenon of serial arrears of payment between enterprises, which has appeared in the process of China’s economic reform and development. In the middle and late 1980s, when China’s economy was overheated, when the economic situation changed, due to the weak market, the backlog of finished products and the lack of liquidity in the production of enterprises, the phenomenon of mutual arrears of payment between enterprises was very serious, which affected the normal production of enterprises.
On August 31st, 1991, the State Council held a national working conference on cleaning up "triangular debts". The meeting pointed out that "triangular debt" has become a serious obstacle to the normal operation of the national economy, and it is imperative to fundamentally solve the problem of "triangular debt". The State Council decided to clean up the "triangle debt" as a breakthrough to enliven large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and manage the economic order.
Science and technology are the primary productive forces
"Science and technology are the primary productive forces" is an important assertion put forward by Deng Xiaoping. Deng Xiaoping has always attached importance to the role of science and technology in social and economic development. As early as September 26, 1975, when listening to the work report of China Academy of Sciences, in view of the actual situation at that time, he clearly pointed out: "Science and technology are called productive forces, and scientific and technological personnel are laborers!" At the opening ceremony of the National Science Conference held in March, 1978, Deng Xiaoping pointed out: Science and technology are productive forces, which has always been a Marxist view. With the development of modern science and technology, the relationship between science and production is getting closer and closer. As a productive force, science and technology are playing an increasingly important role.
On September 5, 1988, when Deng Xiaoping met with Czechoslovakia President Hu Sake, he put forward an important conclusion that "science and technology are the primary productive forces". On September 12 of the same year, when listening to the work report of relevant leading comrades of the Central Committee, he pointed out: attention should be paid to education and science and technology. We should fully understand the importance of science and technology. Science and technology are the primary productive forces, and intellectuals are part of the working class. At the beginning of 1992, during his visit to the South, Deng Xiaoping once again emphasized that science and technology are the primary productive forces. A breakthrough in the high-tech field has promoted the development of a number of industries.
Deng Xiaoping’s important thought that "science and technology are the primary productive forces" has played a very important role in promoting the scientific and cultural level of the whole nation and vigorously developing science and technology.
Deng Xiaoping’s speech on inspecting the south.
From January 18th to February 21st, 1992, Deng Xiaoping made a series of important speeches during his inspection in Wuchang, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shanghai, which people used to call "Southern Speech". Deng Xiaoping reiterated the necessity and importance of deepening reform and accelerating development in view of the major problems that troubled people’s thoughts at that time, and from the reality of China and the height of the times, he profoundly summarized the experience and lessons of reform and opening up for more than ten years. In his speech, Deng Xiaoping clearly put forward the standard of "three benefits", emphasizing that "planned economy does not mean socialism, and capitalism also has plans; The market economy is not equal to capitalism, and socialism also has a market. "
Deng Xiaoping’s "Southern Speech" greatly emancipated people’s minds, strengthened people’s socialist beliefs, and greatly promoted the process of China’s reform and opening up.